肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Targeting B-cell maturation antigen in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: On the verge of its prime time.
Targeting B-cell maturation antigen in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: On the verge of its prime time.
多发性骨髓瘤的治疗已取得显著进展，其中靶向B细胞成熟抗原（BCMA）的免疫疗法处于这些发展的前沿。
多发性骨髓瘤的治疗已取得显著进展，其中靶向B细胞成熟抗原（BCMA）的免疫疗法处于这些发展的前沿。三种治疗模式——包括抗体药物偶联物、双特异性抗体和CAR-T 细胞疗法——已显示出持久缓解，每种疗法均与类别特异性独特不良事件相关。此外，它们在多发性骨髓瘤晚期阶段的疗效和安全性也为在更早期治疗线中使用提供了依据。在本综述中，我们简要概述BCMA的背景生物学，并讨论这3种药物的作用机制和结构特征，以及来自早期试验的最新临床数据。我们还描述类别特异性不良事件和耐药机制，以及克服这些问题的策略，从而提供一个框架，以跟上多发性骨髓瘤BCMA靶向免疫治疗的未来发展。
Significant advances have been made in the treatment of multiple myeloma, with B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-targeting immunotherapies at the forefront of these developments. Three treatment modalities-including antibody-drug conjugates, bispecific antibodies, and chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapies-have demonstrated durable responses, each associated with class-specific unique adverse events. Moreover, their efficacy and safety in later stages of multiple myeloma also provide the rationale for their use in earlier lines of therapy. In this review, we briefly outline the background biology of BCMA and discuss the mechanisms of action and structural features of these 3 agents, together with the most recent clinical data from early-phase trials. We also describe class-specific adverse events and mechanisms of resistance, as well as strategies to overcome them, thereby offering a framework to catch up with future developments in BCMA-targeted immunotherapy for multiple myeloma.
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