肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Integrated therapies for targeting the microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
肝细胞癌（HCC）微环境（MEs）由免疫和非免疫成分组成，这些成分驱动肿瘤进展和治疗耐药。
肝细胞癌（HCC）微环境（ME）由免疫和非免疫成分组成，这些成分驱动肿瘤进展和治疗耐药。本叙述性综述总结了全身治疗联合肝脏导向方法作为转移性HCC治疗新前沿的最新进展。免疫检查点抑制剂（tremelimumab和durvalumab）联合小分子药物（lenvatinib和cabozantinib）可增强T细胞活化并改善HCC的无进展生存期。表观遗传抑制剂和基于RNA的治疗药物靶向HCC ME并提高免疫治疗的疗效。此外，针对glypican-3（GPC3）等靶点的细胞治疗药物用于CAR-T（CAR-T）细胞已显示出有前景的结果。HCC ME具有不同的免疫亚型，对治疗表现出不同的反应，这使生物标志物选择和治疗时机变得复杂。基于ME的个性化治疗是HCC管理的未来方向。
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) microenvironments (MEs) are composed of immune and non-immune components that drive tumor progression and treatment resistance. This narrative review summarizes recent progress in systemic therapies combined with liver-directed approaches as a new frontier in metastatic HCC treatment. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (tremelimumab and durvalumab) in combination with small- molecule agents (lenvatinib and cabozantinib) enhance T-cell activation and improve progression-free survival in HCC. Epigenetic inhibitors and RNA-based therapeutics target the HCC ME and increase the efficacy of immunotherapy. Additionally, cellular therapy targeting agents like glypican-3 (GPC3) for chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells have shown promising results. HCC ME has distinct immune subtypes exhibiting different responses to treatments, which complicates biomarker selection and treatment timing. Personalized therapy based on ME is the future path in HCC management.
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