肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Emerging innovative treatments for leptomeningeal metastatic tumors.
柔脑膜转移（LM）是晚期实体瘤的一种毁灭性终末期并发症，其特征为恶性细胞在柔脑膜和脑脊液中播散。
软脑膜转移（LM）是晚期实体瘤一种毁灭性的终末并发症，其特征为恶性细胞在软脑膜和脑脊液中播散。由于显著的毒性和较差的药物渗透性，传统疗法的疗效有限。靶向治疗、免疫治疗和鞘内药物递送的最新进展正在重塑LM的治疗格局。具有脑渗透性的药物已显示出改善的结局，鞘内给予抗体和免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs）进一步扩展了治疗选择。免疫治疗，尤其是CAR-T 细胞（CAR-T细胞）和基于间充质干细胞的疗法，在对抗LM的免疫抑制微环境方面展现出前景。这些创新代表了LM管理的范式转变，并为LM患者提供了新的治疗潜力。本综述重点介绍了正在重塑LM管理的关键临床前和临床进展。
Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) represents a devastating and terminal complication of advanced solid tumors, characterized by the dissemination of malignant cells within the leptomeninges and cerebrospinal fluid. Conventional therapies have demonstrated limited efficacy due to substantial toxicity and poor drug penetration. Recent advances in targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and intrathecal drug delivery are reshaping the therapeutic landscape for LM. Brain-penetrant agents have shown improved outcomes, and intrathecal administration of antibodies and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) further expands therapeutic options. Immunotherapies, notably chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T cells) and mesenchymal stem-cell-based therapies offer promise in counteracting LM's immunosuppressive microenvironment. These innovations represent a paradigm shift in the management of LM and offer a renewed therapeutic potential for patients with LM. This review highlights key preclinical and clinical advances that are reshaping the management of LM.
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