肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Engineering adoptive cell therapy for solid tumors.
Engineering adoptive cell therapy for solid tumors.
过继性细胞疗法（ACT）通过利用工程化免疫细胞识别并杀伤恶性细胞，已成为一种有前景的癌症免疫治疗手段。
工程化免疫细胞识别并清除恶性细胞的过继细胞疗法（ACT），已成为癌症治疗中有前景的免疫治疗方式。ACT在血液系统恶性肿瘤中取得显著成功，但在实体瘤中的应用仍受免疫细胞浸润不足、抗原异质性和免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境等独特挑战限制。本综述概述提高ACT治疗实体瘤疗效的现行策略，重点讨论工程化T细胞，包括CAR-T、TCR-T和TIL（肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞）。我们介绍癌症免疫治疗近期进展，重点关注肿瘤靶向、抵抗免疫抑制信号以及克服抗原逃逸的策略。此外，我们强调CRISPR/Cas9等基因编辑工具在设计功能更强、安全性更高的新一代免疫细胞中的作用。通过整合新型工程技术和系统生物学方法，ACT有望成为实体瘤个体化癌症治疗的重要组成部分。
Adaptive cell therapy (ACT) has emerged as a promising immunotherapeutic approach for cancer treatment by using engineered immune cells to recognize and destroy malignant cells. While ACT has shown remarkable success in hematologic malignancies, its application in solid tumors remains limited due to unique challenges such as limited immune cell infiltration, antigen heterogeneity, and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. This review provides an overview of current strategies to enhance the efficacy of ACT in solid tumors, focusing on engineered T cells, including CAR-T, TCR-T, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). We discuss recent progress in cancer immunotherapy, with a focus on tumor targeting, resistance to immunosuppressive signals, as well as strategies to overcome antigen escape. Moreover, we highlight the role of gene-editing tools such as CRISPR/Cas9 in designing next-generation immune cells with enhanced functionality and safety. By integrating novel engineering techniques and systems biology approaches, ACT holds the potential to become a key component of personalized cancer therapy for solid tumors.
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