肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Beyond CAR-T: The Rise of CAR-NK/T Cells for Haematological Cancer.
CAR-NK/T细胞可能被证明是治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤的一种更安全、更灵活的细胞疗法。
嵌合抗原受体（CAR）-自然杀伤（NK）/T细胞为血液系统恶性肿瘤的免疫治疗提供了新方法。NK/T细胞连接固有免疫和适应性免疫，具有强大的抗癌效应。与异体CAR-T细胞不同，CAR-NK/T细胞无需删除TCR基因以防止主要MHC识别，移植物抗宿主病风险较低，且可通用使用。摘要：临床前研究报告CAR-NK/T细胞在B细胞淋巴瘤和浆细胞骨髓瘤中有效靶向CD19和B细胞成熟抗原等抗原。与CAR-T细胞相比，CAR-NK/T细胞具有更快的免疫反应、更强的细胞毒性和更好的安全性。近期创新提高了CAR-NK/T细胞疗法的疗效。早期临床试验报告了有前景的安全性和疗效。尽管仍处于早期开发阶段，NK/T细胞疗法的进展正在克服先前的挑战。
BACKGROUND: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-natural killer (NK)/T-cells offer a new approach in immune therapy of haematological cancers. NK/T-cells bridge innate and adaptive immunity with strong anti-cancer effects. Unlike allogeneic CAR-T-cells, CAR-NK/T-cells do not require TCR genetic deletion to prevent major MHC recognition, have a lower risk of graft-versus-host disease, and can be used universally. SUMMARY: Pre-clinical studies report CAR-NK/T-cells effectively target antigens such as CD19 and B-cell maturation antigen in B-cell lymphomas and plasma cell myeloma. Compared with CAR-T-cells, CAR-NK/T-cells have faster immune responses, more cytotoxicity and better safety. Recent innovations increase efficacy of CAR-NK/T-cell therapies. Early clinical trials report promising safety and efficacy. Although still in the early phases of development, advances in NK/T-cell therapy are overcoming prior challenges. KEY MESSAGES: CAR-NK/T-cells may prove a safer, more flexible form of cell therapy of haematological cancers.
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