肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：The challenges and progress of CAR-T cell therapy in the treatment of solid tumors.
The challenges and progress of CAR-T cell therapy in the treatment of solid tumors.
目前的传统癌症治疗方法包括手术、化疗、放疗等，这些方法缺乏靶向杀伤功能，并可能损伤正常组织。
当前传统的癌症治疗方法包括手术、化疗、放疗等，这些方法缺乏靶向杀伤功能，可能损伤正常组织。免疫治疗、靶向治疗和个性化医疗已成为癌症治疗中具有前景的方法，为患者提供了更精准、更有效的治疗。其中，嵌合抗原受体（CAR）-T细胞疗法利用免疫系统的T细胞识别并攻击肿瘤细胞，展现出有前景的治疗潜力。FDA已批准CAR-T疗法用于治疗B细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病、大B细胞淋巴瘤和多发性骨髓瘤，靶向CD-19和B细胞成熟抗原。尽管在血液系统恶性肿瘤中取得了成功，CAR-T技术在实体瘤中仍面临挑战，包括缺乏可靠的肿瘤相关抗原、缺氧核心、免疫抑制性肿瘤环境、活性氧增强以及T细胞浸润减少。本综述涵盖了多种免疫治疗方法的优缺点，重点介绍了CAR-T疗法的演变，总结了CAR-T疗法的现状，列出了有前景的治疗靶点，并强调了CAR-T细胞疗法面临的挑战。
Current traditional cancer treatment methods include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, etc., which lack targeted killing functions and may damage normal tissues. Immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and personalized medicine have become promising methods for cancer treatment, providing more precise and effective treatment for patients. Among them, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy utilizes the immune system's T cells to recognize and attack tumor cells, showing promising therapeutic prospects. The FDA has approved CAR-T therapy for treating B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, large B-cell lymphoma, and multiple myeloma, targeting CD-19 and B-cell maturation antigens. Despite success in hematologic cancers, CAR-T technology faces challenges in solid tumors, including a lack of reliable tumor-associated antigens, hypoxic cores, immunosuppressive tumor environments, enhanced reactive oxygen species, and decreased T cell infiltration. This review covers the advantages and disadvantages of various immunotherapy methods, highlights CAR-T therapy's evolution, summarizes CAR-T therapy's current status, lists promising therapeutic targets, and emphasizes the challenges CAR-T cell therapy faces.
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