肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Adoptive cell therapy in acute myeloid leukemia: the current landscape and emerging strategies.
尽管在淋巴系统恶性肿瘤中取得了成功，但在 AML 中开发过继细胞疗法的努力大多未能取得成果。
尽管淋巴系统恶性肿瘤治疗已取得成功，针对急性髓系白血病（AML）的过继细胞治疗研发总体上仍未取得理想进展。识别白血病细胞上可靶向、而正常祖细胞上缺失的抗原仍是一大障碍；AML原始细胞形成的恶劣肿瘤微环境也是如此。本综述总结了AML过继细胞疗法（包括CAR-T、CAR-NK和TCR-T细胞）开发面临的挑战，并讨论自体与异体疗法。我们还介绍了应对这些疗法相关骨髓毒性的方法，包括可快速切换的CAR平台，以及对造血干细胞进行CRISPR-Cas9基因工程改造。最后，我们概述相关领域当前的临床研究格局及未来方向。
Efforts to produce adoptive cell therapies in AML have been largely unfruitful, despite the success seen in lymphoid malignancies. Identifying targetable antigens on leukemic cells that are absent on normal progenitor cells remains a major obstacle, as is the hostile tumor microenvironment created by AML blasts. In this review, we summarize the challenges in the development of adoptive cell therapies such as CAR-T, CAR-NK, and TCR-T cells in AML, discussing both autologous and allogeneic therapies. We also discuss methods to address myelotoxicity associated with these therapies, including rapidly switchable CAR platforms and CRISPR-Cas9 genetic engineering of hematopoietic stem cells. Finally, we present the current clinical landscape in these areas, along with future directions in the field.
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