肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Microbiota-Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids Boost Antitumoral Natural Killer Cell Activity.
Microbiota-Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids Boost Antitumoral Natural Killer Cell Activity.
我们的结果首次表明，SCFAs在调节抗肿瘤NK细胞防御方面具有巨大潜力，其中调节SCFAs的产生可能在癌症免疫治疗中发挥根本性作用。
背景：肠道微生物群可以调节众多宿主功能，包括免疫反应。通过发酵，微生物群产生并释放微生物代谢物，如短链脂肪酸（SCFAs），这些代谢物可以影响宿主稳态。越来越多的证据表明，肠道微生物组可以对癌症产生重大影响。特定的肠道微生物组成和代谢物与宿主的肿瘤状态相关。然而，它们对抗肿瘤反应的影响几乎没有被研究过。自然杀伤（NK）细胞由于能够直接识别和消除肿瘤细胞，在抗肿瘤免疫中发挥重要作用。方法：本研究的目的是使用NK-92细胞系研究SCFAs对抗肿瘤NK细胞活性的影响。结果：在此，我们描述了SCFAs如何增强抗肿瘤NK细胞活性。SCFAs诱导NK细胞外囊泡的释放，并减少抗炎细胞因子IL-10的分泌。SCFAs还增加了NK细胞对多发性骨髓瘤细胞的细胞毒性。结论：我们的结果首次表明，SCFAs在调节抗肿瘤NK细胞防御方面具有巨大潜力，其中调节SCFAs的产生可能在癌症免疫治疗中发挥基础性作用。
Background: The intestinal microbiota can regulate numerous host functions, including the immune response. Through fermentation, the microbiota produces and releases microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which can affect host homeostasis. There is growing evidence that the gut microbiome can have a major impact on cancer. Specific gut microbial composition and metabolites are associated with tumor status in the host. However, their effects on the antitumor response have scarcely been investigated. Natural killer (NK) cells play an important role in antitumor immunity due to their ability to directly identify and eliminate tumor cells. Methods: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of SCFAs on antitumoral NK cell activity, using NK-92 cell line. Results: Here, we describe how SCFAs can boost antitumoral NK cell activity. The SCFAs induced the release of NK extracellular vesicles and reduced the secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. The SCFAs also increased the cytotoxicity of the NK cells against multiple myeloma cells. Conclusions: Our results indicate, for the first time, the enormous potential of SCFAs in regulating antitumoral NK cell defense, where modulation of the SCFAs' production could play a fundamental role in cancer immunotherapy.
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