肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：The role of MSCs and CAR-MSCs in cellular immunotherapy.
嵌合抗原受体（CAR）被T细胞（CAR-T细胞）、NK 细胞、树突状细胞和巨噬细胞广泛使用，它们在细胞免疫治疗中具有重要意义。
嵌合抗原受体（CAR）被T细胞（CAR-T细胞）、NK 细胞、树突状细胞和巨噬细胞广泛使用，在细胞免疫治疗中具有重要意义。然而，CAR相关产品的使用面临若干挑战，包括携带CAR的细胞持久性差、细胞功能障碍或耗竭、疾病复发、免疫效应细胞相关神经毒性综合征、细胞因子释放综合征、对实体瘤疗效低以及肿瘤微环境的免疫抑制。另一种重要的细胞治疗方案涉及间充质干细胞（MSC）。近期研究表明，MSC可以改善CAR相关产品的抗癌功能。CAR-MSC可以克服细胞免疫治疗的缺陷。因此，MSC可作为CAR的生物学载体。在本综述中，我们首先讨论MSC的特征和免疫调节功能。然后，讨论MSC作为外泌体来源的作用，包括MSC来源外泌体的特征及其免疫调节功能。综述了MSC在CAR相关产品中的作用、CAR相关产品来源的外泌体以及MSC对CAR相关产品的影响。最后，讨论了MSC作为CAR载体的应用。视频摘要。
Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are widely used by T cells (CAR-T cells), natural killer cells dendritic cells and macrophages, and they are of great importance in cellular immunotherapy. However, the use of CAR-related products faces several challenges, including the poor persistence of cells carrying CARs, cell dysfunction or exhaustion, relapse of disease, immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome, cytokine release syndrome, low efficacy against solid tumors and immunosuppression by the tumor microenvironment. Another important cell therapy regimen involves mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Recent studies have shown that MSCs can improve the anticancer functions of CAR-related products. CAR-MSCs can overcome the flaws of cellular immunotherapy. Thus, MSCs can be used as a biological vehicle for CARs. In this review, we first discuss the characteristics and immunomodulatory functions of MSCs. Then, the role of MSCs as a source of exosomes, including the characteristics of MSC-derived exosomes and their immunomodulatory functions, is discussed. The role of MSCs in CAR-related products, CAR-related product-derived exosomes and the effect of MSCs on CAR-related products are reviewed. Finally, the use of MSCs as CAR vehicles is discussed. Video Abstract.
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