肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Anti-ROR1 CAR-T cells: Architecture and performance.
Anti-ROR1 CAR-T cells: Architecture and performance.
受体酪氨酸激酶样孤儿受体 1（ROR1）是一种在发育中发挥关键作用的膜受体。
未标注：受体酪氨酸激酶样孤儿受体1（ROR1）是一种在发育过程中发挥关键作用的膜受体，在胚胎期表达较高，在部分正常成人组织中的表达相对较低。白血病、淋巴瘤及部分实体瘤等恶性肿瘤过表达ROR1，使其成为有前景的癌症治疗靶点。此外，对常规治疗后肿瘤复发的患者而言，采用工程化自体T细胞表达ROR1特异性嵌合抗原受体（ROR1 CAR-T细胞）的免疫疗法已成为一种个体化治疗选择。然而，肿瘤细胞异质性和肿瘤微环境（TME）妨碍理想临床结局。本综述简要介绍ROR1的生物学功能及其作为肿瘤治疗靶点的意义，并概述基础研究和临床试验中使用的部分ROR1 CAR-T细胞的结构、活性、评估及安全性。最后，还讨论将ROR1 CAR-T策略与靶向其他肿瘤抗原的疗法或防止肿瘤抗原逃逸的抑制剂联合应用的可行性。临床试验注册：ClinicalTrials.gov，编号NCT02706392。
UNLABELLED: The receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) is a membrane receptor that plays a key role in development. It is highly expressed during the embryonic stage and relatively low in some normal adult tissues. Malignancies such as leukemia, lymphoma, and some solid tumors overexpress ROR1, making it a promising target for cancer treatment. Moreover, immunotherapy with autologous T-cells engineered to express a ROR1-specific chimeric antigen receptor (ROR1 CAR-T cells) has emerged as a personalized therapeutic option for patients with tumor recurrence after conventional treatments. However, tumor cell heterogeneity and tumor microenvironment (TME) hinder successful clinical outcomes. This review briefly describes the biological functions of ROR1 and its relevance as a tumor therapeutic target, as well as the architecture, activity, evaluation, and safety of some ROR1 CAR-T cells used in basic research and clinical trials. Finally, the feasibility of applying the ROR1 CAR-T cell strategy in combination with therapies targeting other tumor antigens or with inhibitors that prevent tumor antigenic escape is also discussed. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: https://clinicaltrials.gov/, identifier NCT02706392.
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