肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：T cell redirecting bispecific antibodies for multiple myeloma: emerging therapeutic strategies in a changing treatment landscape.
初步疗效数据表明，这些双特异性抗体疗法在重度预处理患者中具有相似的缓解率（50-80%）。
近年来，随着新型免疫疗法的引入，多发性骨髓瘤的治疗格局持续演变。这一进展已转化为患者总生存期的改善，但在重度经治和高危亚组患者中仍存在未满足的需求。以 CAR-T 细胞疗法形式出现的新兴免疫疗法已获批用于多发性骨髓瘤。然而，CAR-T 细胞疗法存在后勤学限制，因此需要 readily available、安全且有效的 RRMM 免疫疗法。目前，在等待批准的过程中，有许多靶向 BCMA、GPRC5D、FcRH5 及其他细胞表面蛋白的“现成”双特异性抗体正在开发中。初步疗效数据提示，这些双特异性抗体疗法在重度经治患者中具有相似的缓解率（50-80%）。与 CAR-T 细胞疗法类似，细胞因子释放综合征和免疫效应细胞相关神经毒性综合征是重点关注的不良事件，发生率分别为 40% 至 90% 和 3% 至 20%。在本综述中，我们重点介绍正在开发用于治疗多发性骨髓瘤的各种双特异性免疫疗法，并聚焦于临床 I 期和 II 期研究的数据。
In recent years, the treatment landscape of multiple myeloma has continued to evolve with the introduction of novel immunotherapies. This progress has translated to improved overall survival for patients, but an unmet need remains in the heavily pretreated and high-risk subsets of patients. Emerging immunotherapies in the form of CAR-T cell therapies have been approved for multiple myeloma. However, CAR-T cell therapy has logistical limitations and there is a need for immunotherapies that are readily available, safe, and effective in RRMM. Currently, pending approval, there are many "off the shelf" bispecific antibodies being developed that target BCMA, GPRC5D, FcRH5 and other cell surface proteins. Preliminary efficacy data has suggested that these bispecific antibody therapies have similar response rates ( 50-80%) in heavily pretreated patients. Similarly, to CAR-T cell therapy, cytokine release syndrome and immune effector cell associated neurotoxicity syndrome are adverse events of key interest and incidence range from 40 to 90% and 3 to 20%, respectively. In this review, we highlight the various bispecific immunotherapies under development in the treatment of multiple myeloma with a focus on the data from clinical phase I and II studies.
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