肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：The next wave of cellular immunotherapies in pancreatic cancer.
The next wave of cellular immunotherapies in pancreatic cancer.
总体 5 年生存率约为 10%。
胰腺癌是一种侵袭性疾病，预计到2030年将成为全球癌症相关死亡的第二大原因，其总体5年生存率约为10%。胰腺癌通常确诊较晚，已为局部晚期或转移性疾病，可用有效治疗有限。嵌合抗原受体（CAR）T细胞等细胞免疫疗法治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤已取得显著成功，但其治疗胰腺癌的疗效有限。本文概述胰腺癌CAR T细胞疗法当前及正在开展的临床研究、主要挑战，以及提高CAR T疗效的策略。这些策略包括为CAR T细胞装载功能分子、开发现成可用的异基因CAR T细胞、采用其他免疫CAR细胞（如NK 细胞和TIL（肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞），以及联合治疗。审慎应用临床前模型有助于优化患者管理并推动细胞免疫疗法纳入治疗。改善胰腺癌结局需要采用多方面、个体化的细胞免疫治疗策略。
Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive disease that is predicted to become the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide by 2030. The overall 5-year survival rate is around 10%. Pancreatic cancer typically presents late with locally advanced or metastatic disease, and there are limited effective treatments available. Cellular immunotherapy, such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, has had significant success in treating hematological malignancies. However, CAR T cell therapy efficacy in pancreatic cancer has been limited. This review provides an overview of current and ongoing CAR T cell clinical studies of pancreatic cancer and the major challenges and strategies to improve CAR T cell efficacy. These strategies include arming CAR T cells; developing off-the-shelf allogeneic CAR T cells; using other immune CAR cells, like natural killer cells and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes; and combination therapy. Careful incorporation of preclinical models will enhance management of affected individuals, assisting incorporation of cellular immunotherapies. A multifaceted, personalized approach involving cellular immunotherapy treatment is required to improve pancreatic cancer outcomes.
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