肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：The Role of T Cell Immunotherapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
过去3至5年，利用T淋巴细胞对抗肿瘤细胞的AML治疗在临床前和临床开发的各个阶段迅速发展。
急性髓系白血病（AML）是一种异质性疾病，与T细胞表型和功能的各种改变相关，导致异常细胞群体的产生，最终导致免疫耗竭。然而，恢复T细胞功能使得AML患者能够执行针对白血病细胞的细胞毒性机制。因此，长期疾病控制需要多种治疗手段，包括旨在重建细胞毒性T细胞活性的方法。在过去3至5年中，利用T淋巴细胞对抗肿瘤细胞的AML治疗通过不同阶段的临床前和临床开发迅速发展。这些包括组织浸润淋巴细胞（TIL）、双特异性抗体、免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI）、CAR-T（CAR-T）细胞疗法以及肿瘤特异性T细胞受体基因转导T（TCR-T）细胞。在本综述中，将讨论这些基于T细胞的免疫疗法以及TIL作为新型抗白血病疗法的潜力。
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease associated with various alterations in T cell phenotype and function leading to an abnormal cell population, ultimately leading to immune exhaustion. However, restoration of T cell function allows for the execution of cytotoxic mechanisms against leukemic cells in AML patients. Therefore, long-term disease control, which requires multiple therapeutic approaches, includes those aimed at the re-establishment of cytotoxic T cell activity. AML treatments that harness the power of T lymphocytes against tumor cells have rapidly evolved over the last 3 to 5 years through various stages of preclinical and clinical development. These include tissue-infiltrated lymphocytes (TILs), bispecific antibodies, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy, and tumor-specific T cell receptor gene-transduced T (TCR-T) cells. In this review, these T cell-based immunotherapies and the potential of TILs as a novel antileukemic therapy will be discussed.
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