决定异体 CAR T 细胞排斥与扩增的细胞和分子机制
Cellular and molecular mechanisms determining allogeneic CAR T cell rejection and expansion.
我们评估了11例接受单一批次cemacabtagene ansegedleucel(cema-cel)治疗的大B细胞淋巴瘤患者,cemacabtagene ansegedleucel是一种异体抗CD19 CAR T产品。
英文原题:Adaptive Dual-Target CAR-T Cells for Relapsed or Refractory Hematologic Malignancies
这是一项 I/II 期注册临床试验,评估自体 CAR-T 细胞治疗急性淋巴细胞白血病、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、多发性骨髓瘤的安全性、可行性及初步疗效。当前状态:招募中。计划入组 96 例。试验地点:中国 · 深圳(共 1 个中心,其中中国 1 个)。登记号:NCT07523555。
不限性别 · ≥ 18 Years 且 ≤ 75 Years
纳入标准: * 签署知情同意书时年龄18至75岁。 * 经病理学或细胞学确诊的合格疾病:B-ALL;B细胞NHL/CLL/SLL;多发性骨髓瘤/浆细胞白血病;AML/高危MDS/BPDCN;或T-ALL/T-LBL/外周T细胞淋巴瘤。 * 至少接受过2线既往治疗后复发或难治,或研究者判断无合适的治愈性/已批准标准治疗方案。 * 中心实验室确认,基于恶性细胞抗原共表达及安全性审查,至少有一个活性双靶点模块适用。 * 根据疾病特异性疗效评价标准,存在可测量或可评估的疾病。 * ECOG体能状态评分0至2。 * 器官功能充分:LVEF >= 45%;肌酐清除率 >= 40 mL/min;AST/ALT <= 3 x ULN;总胆红素 <= 1.5 x ULN,除非由Gilbert综合征所致;室内空气下血氧饱和度 >= 92%。 * 造血储备充分,除非血细胞减少明确与疾病相关。 * 能够接受白细胞分离术,并愿意遵守研究程序及随访。 * 如既往接受过异基因HSCT:移植后至少100天,无未控制的GVHD,且无超过生理性类固醇替代剂量的全身性免疫抑制治疗。 * 有生育潜力的受试者妊娠试验阴性,并同意在方案规定的风险期内采取有效避孕措施。 * 在任何研究特定程序前获得书面知情同意。 排除标准: * - 活动性未控制感染,包括未控制的细菌、真菌或病毒感染,或临床脓毒症。 * 需要升级治疗的活动性症状性CNS受累;既往治疗过/稳定的CNS疾病若在最终方案中前瞻性定义,可能允许入组。 * 白细胞分离术前12周内接受过既往基因修饰细胞治疗,或既往抗肿瘤治疗存在未缓解的 >= 3级毒性 * 需要紧急减瘤,以致生产延迟会造成不可接受的临床风险。 * 需要全身性免疫抑制治疗的活动性自身免疫性疾病,但有限替代剂量的类固醇或方案允许的局部/吸入治疗除外。 * 既往实体器官移植。 * 临床显著心血管疾病、未控制心律失常、失代偿性心力衰竭、6个月内心肌梗死,或6个月内近期卒中。 * 未控制的HIV、HBV或HCV病毒血症。 * 妊娠或哺乳。 * 需要全身性治疗的另一种活动性恶性肿瘤,除非为低风险且按方案定义的例外情况已根治性治疗。 * 已知对氟达拉滨、环磷酰胺或关键产品辅料过敏。 * 无法生产出可放行的CAR-T产品,或未能满足模块特异性产品放行标准。 * 研究者判断任何医学、精神或社会状况会增加风险、损害依从性,或混淆研究结果的解读。
Inclusion Criteria: * Age 18 to 75 years at the time of consent. * Pathologically or cytologically confirmed eligible disease: B-ALL; B-cell NHL/CLL/SLL; multiple myeloma/plasma cell leukemia; AML/high-risk MDS/BPDCN; or T-ALL/T-LBL/peripheral T-cell lymphoma. * Relapsed or refractory disease after at least 2 prior lines of therapy, or no curative/approved standard option judged appropriate by the investigator. * Central laboratory confirmation that at least one active dual-target module is suitable based on malignant-cell antigen co-expression and safety review. * Measurable or otherwise evaluable disease by disease-specific response criteria. * ECOG performance status 0 to 2. * Adequate organ function: LVEF \>= 45%; creatinine clearance \>= 40 mL/min; AST/ALT \<= 3 x ULN; total bilirubin \<= 1.5 x ULN unless due to Gilbert syndrome; oxygen saturation \>= 92% on room air. * Adequate hematologic reserve unless cytopenia is clearly disease-related. * Ability to undergo leukapheresis and willingness to comply with study procedures and follow-up. * If prior allogeneic HSCT: at least 100 days from transplant, no uncontrolled GVHD, and no systemic immunosuppression above physiologic steroid replacement. * Negative pregnancy test for participants of childbearing potential and agreement to use effective contraception during protocol-defined risk periods. * Written informed consent obtained before any study-specific procedure. Exclusion Criteria: * \- Active uncontrolled infection, including uncontrolled bacterial, fungal, or viral infection, or clinical sepsis. * Active symptomatic CNS involvement requiring escalating therapy; previously treated/stable CNS disease may be allowed if defined prospectively in the final protocol. * Prior gene-modified cellular therapy within 12 weeks before leukapheresis, or unresolved \>= Grade 3 toxicity from prior anticancer therapy * Need for urgent cytoreduction such that manufacturing delay would create unacceptable clinical risk. * Active autoimmune disease requiring systemic immunosuppression, except limited replacement-dose steroids or protocol-permitted topical/inhaled therapy. * Prior solid organ transplant. * Clinically significant cardiovascular disease, uncontrolled arrhythmia, decompensated heart failure, myocardial infarction within 6 months, or recent stroke within 6 months. * Uncontrolled HIV, HBV, or HCV viremia. * Pregnancy or breastfeeding. * Another active malignancy requiring systemic therapy, unless low-risk and definitively treated per protocol-defined exceptions. * Known hypersensitivity to fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, or critical product excipients. * Inability to manufacture a releaseable CAR-T product or failure to meet module-specific product-release criteria. * Any medical, psychiatric, or social condition that, in the investigator's judgment, would increase risk, impair compliance, or confound interpretation of study results.
以上为辅助阅读译文。是否适合入组须由主治医生判断,最终以登记平台与研究者确认为准。
主要终点:Incidence of dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) by module and dose level · 28 days;Incidence of Grade 3 or higher cytokine release syndrome (CRS) · 28 days
次要终点:Complete response CR;MRD-negative response rate by validated disease-specific assay;Duration of response (DoR);Overall survival (OS)
B-ALL、DLBCL、FL、MCL、PMBCL、CLL/SLL或Richter转化,且经确认CD19阳性/CD22阳性。
B-NHL或CLL/SLL,且CD19阳性/CD20阳性,尤其是成熟B细胞表型或既往CD19靶向治疗后复发。
多发性骨髓瘤或浆细胞白血病,且BCMA阳性,同时有CD19阳性微小克隆、前体表型或显著克隆异质性证据。
多发性骨髓瘤或浆细胞白血病,且BCMA阳性/CD38阳性,并呈浆细胞优势表型。
多发性骨髓瘤或浆细胞白血病,且BCMA阳性/GPRC5D阳性,尤其是既往BCMA暴露后或逃逸风险高者。
AML、高危MDS或BPDCN,且CD33阳性/CD123阳性
AML,且CD33阳性/CLL1(CLEC12A)阳性,尤其是干细胞丰富或可测量残留病灶模式。
T-ALL、T-LBL或外周T细胞淋巴瘤,且CD5阳性/CD7阳性双表达,并有可行的 fratricide 缓解方案。
1/2期伞式研究评估生物标志物筛选的双靶点CAR-T细胞模块用于复发或难治性血液系统恶性肿瘤成人患者。经过中心抗原共表达筛选后,参与者被分配至最合适的活性双靶点模块:CD19/CD22、CD19/CD20、BCMA/CD19、BCMA/CD38、BCMA/GPRC5D、CD33/CD123、CD33/CLL1或CD5/CD7。1期确定每个模块的安全性、剂量限制性毒性和推荐的2期剂量;2期估计初步抗肿瘤活性,包括总缓解率和MRD阴性缓解。 输注前进行氟达拉滨/环磷酰胺淋巴细胞清除。该设计旨在通过将疾病生物学和靶点共表达与合理的双靶点策略相匹配,减少抗原逃逸。
Phase 1/2 umbrella study evaluates biomarker-selected dual-target CAR-T cell modules for adults with relapsed or refractory hematologic malignancies. After central antigen co-expression screening, participants are assigned to the most appropriate active dual-target module: CD19/CD22, CD19/CD20, BCMA/CD19, BCMA/CD38, BCMA/GPRC5D, CD33/CD123, CD33/CLL1, or CD5/CD7. Phase 1 determines safety, dose-limiting toxicities, and the recommended phase 2 dose for each module; phase 2 estimates preliminary antitumor activity, including overall response rate and MRD-negative response. Lymphodepletion with fludarabine/cyclophosphamide precedes infusion. The design is intended to reduce antigen escape by matching disease biology and target co-expression to a rational dual-target strategy.
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