决定异体 CAR T 细胞排斥与扩增的细胞和分子机制
Cellular and molecular mechanisms determining allogeneic CAR T cell rejection and expansion.
我们评估了11例接受单一批次cemacabtagene ansegedleucel(cema-cel)治疗的大B细胞淋巴瘤患者,cemacabtagene ansegedleucel是一种异体抗CD19 CAR T产品。
英文原题:Polymer-lipid Particle-delivered CAR1920 mRNA CAR-T Therapy for Relapsed/Refractory B-cell Lymphoma/Leukemia
这是一项 II 期注册临床试验,评估 CD19 免疫治疗用于 B 细胞淋巴瘤的安全性、可行性及初步疗效。当前状态:招募中。计划入组 10 例。试验地点:中国 · 北京(共 1 个中心,其中中国 1 个)。登记号:NCT07321301。
不限性别 · ≥ 14 Years 且 ≤ 85 Years
纳入标准:
1. 自愿知情同意,已签署知情同意书,愿意并且能够遵守方案要求的计划访视、研究治疗、实验室检查、影像学检查和其他必要的试验程序;
2. 按照WHO 2016分类标准,经组织病理学、细胞遗传学、分子生物学、临床判断、病史等评估方法确诊的复发/难治性(R/R)B细胞淋巴瘤/白血病患者,且在标准治疗方案下出现疾病进展、对标准治疗方案不耐受或缺乏有效的标准治疗选择;
3. 必须符合以下R/R B细胞恶性肿瘤的标准:
(1) B细胞肿瘤包括3类:
* B细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病(B-ALL);
② 惰性B细胞淋巴瘤,包括慢性淋巴细胞白血病(CLL)、滤泡性淋巴瘤(FL)、边缘区淋巴瘤(MZL)、淋巴浆细胞淋巴瘤(LPL)、毛细胞白血病(HCL)等;
③ 侵袭性B细胞淋巴瘤,包括弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)、伯基特淋巴瘤(BL)、套细胞淋巴瘤(MCL);(2) R/R B-ALL(符合以下4条标准中的任意1条):
* 首次完全缓解(CR)后6个月内复发;
* 2个周期标准化疗后未达到CR的原发难治性患者;
* 一线或多线挽救化疗后未达到CR或复发;④ 造血干细胞移植(HSCT)后复发;(3) R/R B细胞淋巴瘤(符合以下前4条标准中的任意1条加第5条标准):
* 按标准方案接受4个疗程规范化化疗后肿瘤缩小< 50%或疾病进展;
* 标准化疗达到CR后6个月内复发;
* CR后≥ 2次复发;
* HSCT后复发;⑤ 既往接受过充分治疗,包括至少抗CD20单克隆抗体和含蒽环类药物的联合化疗方案;4. 年龄18-85岁(含),男性或女性;5. 东部肿瘤协作组(ECOG)体能状态评分为0-2;6. 自签署知情同意书之日起预期生存期> 14天;7. 血红蛋白(HGB)≥ 60 g/L(允许输血);8. 外周血中性粒细胞绝对计数(ANC)≥ 1,000/μl且血小板计数≥ 45,000/μl(允许输血);9. 肝、肾、心、肺功能符合以下要求:
1. 总胆红素(TBIL)≤ 1.5 × 正常值上限(ULN),Gilbert综合征受试者除外;
2. 丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)和天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)≤ 2.5 × ULN;
3. 血清肌酐(Cr)≤ 1.5 × ULN或肌酐清除率(CCr)≥ 60 mL/min(CCr按Cockcroft-Gault公式估算);
4. 左心室射血分数(LVEF)≥ 50%;超声心动图(ECHO)确认无临床显著的大量心包积液或严重心律失常;
5. 基线经皮血氧饱和度在室内空气下 > 90%;
6. 无临床显著的大量胸腔积液;10. 有妊娠计划的受试者必须同意自研究入组前至研究结束后6个月内采取避孕措施;
排除标准:
1. 既往接受过任何形式的嵌合抗原受体(CAR)细胞治疗或其他基因修饰T细胞治疗;
2. 对氨基糖苷类抗生素等常用药物有严重速发型超敏反应史;
3. 已知人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染史、活动性乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染,或任何需要静脉抗生素治疗的不受控活动性全身感染(活动性HBV感染定义为同时满足以下三项标准:a. HBV DNA定量 ≥ 2000 IU/ml;b. ALT ≥ 2 × 正常值上限(ULN);c. 排除由疾病本身或药物等其他因素引起的肝炎。若患者最初诊断为活动性HBV感染,经抗HBV治疗后转为非活动性HBV感染,可在充分持续抗HBV治疗的情况下纳入本研究);
4. 与血液系统恶性肿瘤(如淋巴瘤)无关的肝肾功能损害:ALT > 3 × ULN,AST > 3 × ULN,TBIL > 2 × ULN,或血清肌酐清除率 < 30 mL/min;
5. 入组前12个月内有心肌梗死、心脏血管成形术、冠状动脉支架植入术、不稳定型心绞痛、活动性心律失常或其他临床显著心血管疾病史;
6. 其他可能影响研究的严重医学状况(如控制不佳的糖尿病、胃溃疡、其他严重心肺疾病、合并严重自身免疫性疾病或先天性免疫缺陷、未控制的严重感染等),以及其他病情恶化风险高的疾病;接受异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)且停用免疫抑制剂1个月后仍存在急性移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)的患者。由研究者自行决定;
7. 对本研究中所需任何特定药物有严重速发型超敏反应史;或对生物制品(包括抗生素)有严重超敏反应史;
8. 妊娠或哺乳期女性受试者(因治疗可能对胎儿或婴儿存在潜在风险);
9. 研究者判断无法完成研究方案要求的所有计划访视、检查或诊断及治疗程序(包括中长期随访访视)的受试者,参与意愿差的受试者,不愿意加入或不能完全配合研究安排的受试者,或受试者及其家属依从性不足的受试者。由研究者决定;
10. 并发其他类型的进行性恶性肿瘤;或有其他恶性肿瘤病史,但非黑色素瘤皮肤癌和原位癌(如宫颈、膀胱或乳腺)除外。有其他恶性肿瘤病史的受试者不符合条件,除非其已无病生存且至少连续3年未接受任何形式的抗肿瘤治疗;
11. 在预处理方案开始前6周内有活疫苗接种史;
12. 过去14天内接受过大手术(不包括淋巴结活检),或预计在治疗期间需要大手术;
13. 其他可能增加研究参与风险或干扰研究结果的严重躯体或精神疾病或实验室异常,以及研究者认为不适合参与的患者。
Inclusion Criteria:
1. Has voluntarily given informed consent, signed the informed consent form, and is willing and able to comply with the scheduled visits, study treatment, laboratory tests, imaging examinations, and other necessary trial procedures as required in the protocol;
2. Patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) B-cell lymphoma/leukemia confirmed by histopathology, cytogenetics, molecular biology, clinical judgment, medical history, and other assessment methods in accordance with the WHO 2016 classification criteria, who have experienced disease progression under standard treatment regimens, are intolerant to standard treatment regimens, or lack effective standard treatment options;
3. Must meet the following criteria for R/R B-cell malignant tumors:
(1) B-cell tumors include 3 categories:
* B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL);
② Indolent B-cell lymphomas, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), follicular lymphoma (FL), marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL), hairy cell leukemia (HCL), etc.;
③ Aggressive B-cell lymphomas, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), Burkitt lymphoma (BL), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL); (2) R/R B-ALL (meeting any 1 of the 4 criteria below):
* Relapse within 6 months after the first complete response (CR);
* Primary refractory patients who failed to achieve CR after 2 cycles of standard chemotherapy;
* Failure to achieve CR or relapse after first-line or multi-line salvage chemotherapy; ④ Relapse after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT); (3) R/R B-cell lymphoma (meeting any 1 of the first 4 criteria below plus criterion 5):
* Tumor reduction \< 50% or disease progression after 4 courses of standardized chemotherapy per standard regimens;
* Relapse within 6 months after achieving CR with standard chemotherapy;
* ≥ 2 relapses after CR;
* Relapse after HSCT; ⑤ Adequate prior treatment received, including at least anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody and anthracycline-containing combination chemotherapy regimens; 4. Aged 18-85 years (inclusive), male or female; 5. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status score of 0-2; 6. Expected survival \> 14 days from the date of signing the informed consent form; 7. Hemoglobin (HGB) ≥ 60 g/L (transfusion allowed); 8. Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1,000/μl and platelet count ≥ 45,000/μl in peripheral blood (transfusion allowed); 9. Hepatic, renal, cardiac, and pulmonary functions meeting the following requirements:
1. Total Bilirubin (TBIL) ≤ 1.5 × Upper Limits of Normal (ULN), excluding subjects with Gilbert's syndrome;
2. Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) ≤ 2.5 × ULN;
3. Serum Creatinine (Cr) ≤ 1.5 × ULN or Creatinine Clearance Rate (CCr) ≥ 60 mL/min (CCr estimated by the Cockcroft-Gault formula);
4. Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) ≥ 50%; echocardiogram (ECHO) confirms no clinically significant severe pericardial effusion or severe arrhythmia;
5. Baseline transcutaneous oxygen saturation \> 90% under room air;
6. No clinically significant severe pleural effusion; 10. Subjects with pregnancy plans must agree to use contraceptive measures from before study enrollment until 6 months after the end of the study;
Exclusion Criteria:
1. Previous receipt of any form of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) cell therapy or other genetically modified T-cell therapies;
2. History of severe immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions to commonly used drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics;
3. Known history of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection, active Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection, or any uncontrolled active systemic infection requiring intravenous antibiotics (active HBV infection is defined as meeting all three of the following criteria: a. HBV DNA quantitation ≥ 2000 IU/ml; b. ALT ≥ 2 × Upper Limits of Normal (ULN); c. Exclusion of hepatitis caused by other factors such as the disease itself or medications. If a patient was diagnosed with active HBV infection initially and converted to inactive HBV infection after anti-HBV treatment, they may be included in this study with adequate ongoing anti-HBV treatment);
4. Hepatic or renal impairment unrelated to hematologic malignancies (e.g., lymphoma): ALT \> 3 × ULN, AST \> 3 × ULN, TBIL \> 2 × ULN, or serum creatinine clearance \< 30 mL/min;
5. History of myocardial infarction, cardiac angioplasty, coronary artery stenting, unstable angina pectoris, active arrhythmia, or other clinically significant cardiovascular diseases within 12 months prior to enrollment;
6. Other severe medical conditions that may affect the study (e.g., poorly controlled diabetes mellitus, gastric ulcer, other severe cardiorespiratory diseases, concurrent severe autoimmune diseases or congenital immunodeficiencies, uncontrolled severe infections, etc.), as well as other diseases with a high risk of condition deterioration; patients who received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) and still have acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) 1 month after discontinuing immunosuppressants. The decision is at the investigator's discretion;
7. History of severe immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions to any specific drugs required in this study; or history of severe hypersensitivity to biological products (including antibiotics);
8. Female subjects who are pregnant or lactating (due to potential risks of treatment to the fetus or infant);
9. Subjects judged by the investigator to be unable to complete all scheduled visits, investigations, or diagnostic and therapeutic procedures required by the study protocol (including medium- and long-term follow-up visits), those with poor willingness to participate, those who are unwilling to join or fully cooperate with the study arrangements, or those with insufficient compliance of the subject and their family members. The decision is at the investigator's discretion;
10. Concurrent progressive malignant tumors of other types; or a history of other malignant tumors, except for non-melanoma skin cancers and carcinoma in situ (e.g., of the cervix, bladder, or breast). Subjects with a history of other malignant tumors are ineligible unless they have been disease-free and not received any form of anti-tumor treatment for at least 3 consecutive years;
11. History of live vaccine vaccination within 6 weeks prior to the start of the conditioning regimen;
12. Receipt of major surgical procedures (excluding lymph node biopsy) within the past 14 days, or anticipated need for major surgery during the treatment period;
13. Other severe physical or mental illnesses or laboratory abnormalities that may increase the risk of study participation or interfere with study results, as well as patients deemed unsuitable for participation by the investigator.以上为辅助阅读译文。是否适合入组须由主治医生判断,最终以登记平台与研究者确认为准。
主要终点:the safety and maximum tolerated dose of CAR-T cell immunotherapy mediated by polymer-lipid nanoparticles delivering CD19/CD20 dual-targeting InViVoCAR1920 mRNA in patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphoma/leukemia · 3 months after treatment
次要终点:30-day response rate;90-day response rate;overall survival (OS);progression free survival (PFS);time to progression (TTP);disease free survival (DFS);duration of response (DOR);event free survival (EFS)
本研究的目的是确定利用聚合物-脂质纳米颗粒递送CD19/CD20双靶向InViVoCAR1920 mRNA的CAR-T细胞免疫疗法,用于复发/难治性B细胞淋巴瘤/白血病一线巩固治疗的有效性和安全性。
The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy and safety of the CAR-T cell immunotherapy utilizing polymer-lipid nanoparticles for delivering CD19/CD20 dual-targeting InViVoCAR1920 mRNA, for the first-line consolidation therapy of relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphoma/leukemia.
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