决定异体 CAR T 细胞排斥与扩增的细胞和分子机制
Cellular and molecular mechanisms determining allogeneic CAR T cell rejection and expansion.
我们评估了11例接受单一批次cemacabtagene ansegedleucel(cema-cel)治疗的大B细胞淋巴瘤患者,cemacabtagene ansegedleucel是一种异体抗CD19 CAR T产品。
英文原题:Rituximab (Rtx) + Tafasitamab in Combination With Allogeneic NK Cells for Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory (r/r) B-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL)
这是一项 I 期注册临床试验,评估异体 NK 细胞治疗非霍奇金淋巴瘤、弥漫大 B 细胞淋巴瘤、B 细胞淋巴瘤的安全性、可行性及初步疗效。当前状态:招募中。计划入组 15 例。试验地点:美国 · 克利夫兰(共 2 个中心)。登记号:NCT07225439。
不限性别 · ≥ 18 Years
纳入标准: * 年龄18岁或以上 * 诊断为B细胞NHL(惰性和侵袭性亚型),包括非特指型弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL NOS)、高级别B细胞淋巴瘤(HGBCL)、原发性纵隔B细胞淋巴瘤(PMBCL)、滤泡性淋巴瘤(FL)、慢性淋巴细胞白血病(CLL)或小淋巴细胞淋巴瘤(SLL)、边缘区淋巴瘤(MZL)和套细胞淋巴瘤(MCL) * 参与者必须具有可测量病灶,依据NHL的Lugano 2014标准或CLL的iwCLL 2018标准定义。对于NHL,可测量病灶定义为CT或PET/CT上最长直径≥1.5 cm的≥1个可测量病灶(淋巴结或结外)。对于CLL,iwCLL标准包括:存在淋巴细胞增多(例如,ALC ≥5 × 10⁹/L)、淋巴结肿大≥1.5 cm,和/或疾病相关血细胞减少(贫血、血小板减少)。 * 在接受两线或以上系统性治疗后复发和/或难治,包括既往CD19和/或CD20靶向治疗 * 对于既往接受过CD19或CD20靶向治疗的参与者,必须在治疗后复发活检中证实存在CD19和/或CD20表达(通过流式细胞术和/或免疫组织化学) * ECOG体能状态评分≤2 * 器官功能保留,定义如下:总胆红素≤1.5倍正常值上限;AST/ALT≤2.5倍正常值上限;通过Cockcroft Gault公式估算的计算肌酐清除率≥30mL/min;近期超声心动图显示心脏射血分数≥45%且心包积液不超过轻度/微量;以及肺功能充分,室内空气中氧饱和度≥92%。 * 参与者必须能够理解并愿意签署书面知情同意书 排除标准: * 第二种活动性恶性肿瘤(非黑色素瘤皮肤癌或原位癌如宫颈、膀胱、乳腺除外),经主要研究者判断可能混淆毒性评估的解释或限制生存期而妨碍治疗评价。经治愈性治疗或激素治疗的恶性肿瘤可在与主要研究者讨论后纳入 * 既往研究性药物治疗与研究入组之间间隔少于28天 * 纽约心脏协会III-IV级充血性心力衰竭 * 心血管疾病,包括不稳定型心绞痛、具有临床意义的心律失常、心肌梗死或卒中(包括短暂性脑缺血发作或其他缺血性事件)在注册前6个月内 * 已知人类免疫缺陷病毒感染或获得性免疫缺陷综合征相关疾病,但接受抗逆转录病毒治疗且病毒载量<200 copies/mL的HIV控制良好者除外 * 孕妇或哺乳期女性被排除在本研究之外,因为治疗可能与致畸或堕胎效应相关。有生育潜力的女性必须血清妊娠试验阴性。由于母体接受NK细胞治疗对哺乳婴儿存在未知但潜在的不良事件风险,应停止哺乳。这些潜在风险也可能适用于本研究中使用的其他药物 * 在开始治疗前最近一次骨髓活检中,形态学和/或细胞遗传学特征符合骨髓增生异常综合征的诊断 * 血清学状态反映活动性乙型或丙型肝炎感染。乙型肝炎核心抗体、乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)或丙型肝炎抗体阳性的参与者,必须在入组前聚合酶链反应(PCR)阴性。(PCR阳性参与者将被排除) * 有临床相关中枢神经系统病理史的参与者,如癫痫、惊厥性疾病、瘫痪、失语、未控制的脑血管疾病、严重脑损伤、痴呆和帕金森病 * 淋巴瘤活动性中枢神经系统或软脑膜受累。未经治疗的脑转移/中枢神经系统疾病的参与者将被排除在本临床试验之外,因为其预后差,且常出现进行性神经功能障碍,会混淆神经系统及其他不良事件的评估。有中枢神经系统或脑膜受累史的参与者,必须在注册前至少90天内通过脑脊液评估和增强MRI成像记录为缓解 * 有活动性自身免疫性疾病史(即类风湿关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮),且在过去6个月内需要除低剂量类固醇[即最大15mg泼尼松等效剂量]以外的全身性免疫抑制药物
Inclusion Criteria: * Age 18 years or older * Diagnosis of B-cell NHL (indolent and aggressive subtypes) including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (DLBCL NOS), high grade B-cell lymphoma (HGBCL), primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) * Participants must have measurable disease as defined by Lugano 2014 criteria for NHL or iwCLL 2018 criteria for CLL. For NHL, measurable disease is defined as ≥1 measurable lesion (nodal or extra nodal) ≥1.5 cm in longest diameter by CT or PET/CT. For CLL, iwCLL criteria includes: presence of lymphocytosis (e.g., ALC ≥5 × 10⁹/L), lymphadenopathy ≥1.5 cm, and/or disease-related cytopenias (anemia, thrombocytopenia). * Relapsed and/or refractory after two or more lines of systemic therapy, including prior CD19 and/or CD20 directed therapies * For participants who have received a prior CD19 or CD20 directed therapy, the presence of CD19 and/or CD20 expression (by flow cytometry and/or immunohistochemistry) must be demonstrated on a post-treatment relapse biopsy * ECOG Performance Status \</= 2 * Preserved organ function as defined by: Total bilirubin \</= 1.5X upper limit of normal; AST/ALT \</= 2.5 X upper limit of normal; Calculated creatinine clearance \>/= 30mL/min estimated by Cockcroft Gualt formula; cardiac ejection fraction \>/= 45% and no more than mild/trace pericardial effusion on a recent echocardiogram; and adequate pulmonary function with oxygen saturation \>/= 92% on room air. * Participants must have the ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document Exclusion Criteria: * Second active malignancy (other than non-melanoma skin cancer or carcinoma in situ e.g. cervix, bladder, breast) that would confound interpretation of toxicity assessment or limit survival to prevent evaluation of therapy per discretion of principal investigator. Malignancies treated curatively or with hormonal therapy could be included after discussion with the principal investigator * Less than 28 days elapsed between prior treatment with investigational agent(s) and study enrollment * New York Heart Association class III-IV congestive heart failure * Cardiovascular disorders including unstable angina pectoris, clinically significant cardiac arrhythmias, myocardial infarction or stroke (including transient ischemic attack, or other ischemic event) within 6 months prior to registration * Known human immunodeficiency virus infection or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome related illness, except well controlled HIV with viral load \<200 copies/mL on antiretroviral therapy * Pregnant or breastfeeding women are excluded from this study because therapy may be associated with the potential for teratogenic or abortifacient effects. Women of childbearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test. Because there is an unknown, but potential risk for adverse events in nursing infants' secondary to treatment of the mother with NK cells, breastfeeding should be discontinued. These potential risks may also apply to other agents used in this study * Morphologic and/or cytogenetic features consistent with diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome on the most recent bone marrow biopsy prior to initiation of therapy * Serologic status reflecting active hepatitis B or C infection. Participants that are positive for hepatitis B core antibody, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), or hepatitis C antibody must have a negative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) prior to enrollment. (PCR positive participants will be excluded) * Participants with history of clinically relevant CNS pathology such as epilepsy, seizure disorders, paresis, aphasia, uncontrolled cerebrovascular disease, severe brain injuries, dementia and Parkinson's disease * Active central nervous system or leptomeningeal involvement by lymphoma. Participants with untreated brain metastases/CNS disease will be excluded from this clinical trial because of their poor prognosis and because they often develop progressive neurologic dysfunction that would confound the evaluation of neurological and other adverse events. Participants with a history of CNS or meningeal involvement must be in a documented remission by CSF evaluation and contrast enhanced MRI imaging for at least 90 days prior to registration * History of active autoimmune disease (i.e. rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus) with requirement of systemic immunosuppressive medications other than low dose steroids \[i.e. maximum of 15mg prednisone equivalent\] within the last 6 months
以上为辅助阅读译文。是否适合入组须由主治医生判断,最终以登记平台与研究者确认为准。
主要终点:Dose limiting toxicity (DLT) · Non hematologic AEs will be measured during cycle 1 (first 28 days) and hematologic AEs will be measured during the first 42 days for all dose levels. DLTs are graded for severity by the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v5.0 (CTCAEv5.0) criteria. · Up to 42 days
次要终点:Incidence of adverse events (AEs);Timing of adverse events (AEs);Severity of adverse events (AEs);Complete response (CR) rate;Complete response (CR) rate;Overall response rate (ORR);Overall response rate (ORR);Overall survival (OS)
该组包括异体 NK 细胞的剂量递增。所有其他治疗均按标准治疗给予。治疗周期为每周期 28 天。受试者预计完成一个周期,并且可能可以选择完成第二个周期,除非在第一周期结束时存在疾病进展的证据。
本研究适用于患有复发性或难治性B细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)且对两线或以上治疗无应答的患者。本研究的目的是确定同种异体NK细胞联合IL-2、Tafasitamab和Rituximab治疗复发性或难治性B细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤的推荐剂量。 NK细胞是一种研究性(实验性)治疗,这意味着它们尚未获得美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)的批准。NK细胞是一种淋巴细胞,是人体天然免疫系统的一部分,它们可以通过在癌细胞膜上形成孔道并诱导凋亡(程序性细胞死亡)来杀死癌细胞。 本研究的参与者将接受淋巴细胞清除性化疗,以及通过静脉(IV)输注给予的同种异体NK细胞、Tafasitamab和白细胞介素-2(IL-2)。参与者预计完成一个周期,如果他们在第一个周期结束时疾病稳定、部分缓解或完全缓解,可能有资格完成相同方案的第二个周期。参与者将参与本研究约12个月。
This research study is for people who have relapsed or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) that has not responded to two or more lines of therapy. The purpose of this study is to identify the recommended dose of allogeneic NK cells in combination with IL-2, Tafasitamab and Rituximab for the treatment of relapsed or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. NK cells are an investigational (experimental) treatment which means they are not approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). NK cells are a type of lymphocyte that's part of the body's natural immune system, and they can kill cancer cells by creating pores in the cancer cell membranes and inducing apoptosis (programmed cell death). Participants in this study will receive lymphodepleting chemotherapy, as well as Allogeneic NK cells, Tafasitamab and Interleukin-2 (IL-2) by an intravenous (IV) infusion. Participants are expected to complete one cycle, and they may be eligible to complete a second cycle of the same regiment if they have stable disease, partial or complete remission at the end of the first cycle. Participants will be in this study for about 12 months.
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