决定异体 CAR T 细胞排斥与扩增的细胞和分子机制
Cellular and molecular mechanisms determining allogeneic CAR T cell rejection and expansion.
我们评估了11例接受单一批次cemacabtagene ansegedleucel(cema-cel)治疗的大B细胞淋巴瘤患者,cemacabtagene ansegedleucel是一种异体抗CD19 CAR T产品。
英文原题:Novel Unedited Allo Cell Therapy For High Risk T-Cell Malignancies Using CD7-Specific Car T Cells
这是一项 I 期注册临床试验,评估 T 细胞治疗淋巴瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、急性淋巴细胞白血病的安全性、可行性及初步疗效。当前状态:招募中。计划入组 27 例。试验地点:美国 · 休斯顿(共 2 个中心)。登记号:NCT07220993。
不限性别 · ≤ 75 Years
采集纳入标准: • 诊断为复发性T细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病(T-ALL)、T细胞急性淋巴细胞淋巴瘤(T-LL)或T细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤(T-NHL,包括血管免疫母细胞性T细胞淋巴瘤(AITL)、肠病相关T细胞淋巴瘤(EATL)、单形性嗜上皮性肠道T细胞淋巴瘤(MEITL)、外周T细胞淋巴瘤(PTCL)NOS、间变性大细胞淋巴瘤(ALCL)、成人T细胞白血病/淋巴瘤、伴有症状的T细胞幼淋巴细胞白血病、结外NK/T细胞淋巴瘤、蕈样肉芽肿/Sezary综合征IIB期或更高) 且 异基因相关供者(全相合、不全相合或单倍体相合)HSCT后复发,且可为其生产异基因CD7.CAR T细胞。 且 * 适合接受异基因造血干细胞移植(HSCT) * 已由FACT认证移植中心确定合适的供者 * 如果CD7.CAR治疗诱导完全缓解且患者/供者仍为合适候选者,愿意继续进行移植。 使用NMDP供者评估标准,适合性定义为“在检索过程中,供者适合进入下一步——无论是高分辨率或确认性HLA检测,还是供者体检。”适合性的记录将在治疗前由研究者确认。 *对于T-NHL受试者,合格性将限于有异基因HSCT指征的疾病分期。 * CD7阳性肿瘤(经CLIA认证的流式细胞术/病理学实验室评估,流式细胞术或免疫组织化学(组织)显示≥20% CD7阳性原始细胞)。 * 年龄≤75岁。 * Hgb ≥ 7.0 g/dL(可输血) * 预期寿命大于12周 * 患者必须根据BCM IRB批准的方案拥有可用的部分HLA相合异基因EBV特异性T细胞系,可在发生未控制的EBV再激活时用作治疗。 * 患者/LAR已获解释、理解并签署知情同意书。患者/LAR获得知情同意书副本。 采集排除标准: * 需要抗生素的活动性感染 * HIV活动性感染 * 其他癌症病史(非黑色素瘤皮肤癌或原位乳腺癌或宫颈癌除外),除非该肿瘤在进入试验前至少2年已成功接受治愈性治疗。 既往HSCT供者采集标准: • 供者必须是符合患者筛选合格标准并已签署筛选知情同意书的异基因HSCT后复发患者的既往造血干细胞移植供者。 既往移植供者将接受标准血库供者问卷筛查、病史采集及传染病标志物(IDMs;采血时可能尚未出结果)检测。若为远程采集,病史可由患者的主要/转诊移植团队获取。医师评估、供者问卷及IDMs将由主要研究者或适当指定人员审核,以确认/提供最终资格判定,并记录于供者病历中。 • 供者/法定授权代表已获知情同意讲解、理解并签署知情同意书。供者/法定授权代表获得知情同意书副本。 治疗纳入标准: • 诊断为复发性T细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病(T-ALL)、T细胞急性淋巴细胞淋巴瘤(T-LL)或T细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤(T-NHL,包括血管免疫母细胞性T细胞淋巴瘤(AITL)、肠病相关T细胞淋巴瘤(EATL)、单形性嗜上皮性肠道T细胞淋巴瘤(MEITL)、外周T细胞淋巴瘤(PTCL)NOS、间变性大细胞淋巴瘤(ALCL)、成人T细胞白血病/淋巴瘤、伴症状性疾病的T细胞幼淋巴细胞白血病、结外NK/T细胞淋巴瘤、蕈样肉芽肿/Sezary综合征IIB期或更高) 且 异基因相关供者(全相合、不全相合或单倍体相合)HSCT后复发,且既往异基因供者可供血用于异基因CD7.CAR T细胞制备 且 * 适合接受异基因造血干细胞移植(HSCT) * 由FACT认证移植中心确定有合适供者 * 若CD7.CAR治疗诱导完全缓解且患者/供者仍为合适候选者,愿意继续进行移植。 使用NMDP供者评估标准,适合性定义为“在检索过程中,供者适合进入下一步——无论是高分辨率或确认性HLA检测,还是供者体检。”适合性的记录将在治疗前由研究者确认。 *对于T-NHL受试者,资格将限于有异基因HSCT指征的疾病分期。 * CD7阳性肿瘤(经CLIA认证的流式细胞术/病理学实验室评估,流式细胞术或免疫组织化学(组织)显示≥20% CD7+原始细胞或肿瘤细胞。 * 年龄≤75岁。 * 胆红素低于正常上限的3倍。 * AST低于正常上限的5倍。 * 估计GFR≥50 mL/min。 * 室内空气下脉搏血氧饱和度>90% * Karnofsky或Lansky评分≥60%。 * 既往治疗(即化疗)的急性毒性作用已恢复,至少在本研究入组前一周。 * 治疗时异基因HSCT后≥60天。 * 患者必须有一个可用的部分HLA相合异基因EBV特异性T细胞系,该细胞系在BCM IRB批准的方案下,可在发生未控制的EBV再激活时用作治疗。 * 有性生活的患者必须愿意在研究期间及研究结束后6个月内采用一种更有效的避孕方法。男性伴侣应使用避孕套。 * 患者/监护人已获知情同意解释、理解并签署知情同意书。患者/监护人已获得知情同意书副本。 治疗排除标准: * 目前正在接受任何研究性药物,或在过去4周内接种过任何肿瘤疫苗。 * 对含鼠蛋白产品有过敏反应史。 * 妊娠或哺乳期。 * 肿瘤位于增大可能导致气道阻塞的部位(由研究者判断)。 * 有临床意义的感染或EBV、CMV、Adv、BK病毒或HHV-6未控制的病毒再激活。 * 有急性GVHD > II级或活动性慢性GVHD > 轻度总体严重度评分的证据。 * 目前正在接受剂量 >0.5mg/kg泼尼松等效剂的皮质类固醇治疗。 * 在输注前28天内因GVHD接受过免疫抑制治疗(IST)的患者。 * 在输注前28天内接受过供者淋巴细胞输注(DLI)的患者 * 以下任何心脏标准:未控制的心房颤动/扑动;过去12个月内的心肌梗死;由研究者判断的QT间期延长综合征或继发性QT间期延长;LVSF<30%或LVEF<50%;或有临床意义的心包积液。NYHA III或IV级心功能障碍。*研究要求在治疗前12个月内通过心脏超声心动图确认不存在这些情况。 * CNS异常:存在CNS-3疾病,定义为脑脊液样本中可检测到脑脊液原始细胞且每mm3白细胞≥ 5个(除非通过Steinherz/Bleyer算法为阴性);存在任何CNS疾病,如未控制的癫痫发作性疾病、过去12个月内的脑血管缺血/出血、痴呆、小脑疾病或任何累及CNS的自身免疫性疾病。
Procurement Inclusion Criteria: • Diagnosis of recurrent T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), T-cell acute lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LL), or T-non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (T-NHL, including Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL), Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma (EATL), Monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma (MEITL), Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) NOS, Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, T cell prolymphocytic leukemia with symptomatic disease, Extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, Mycosis fungoides/ Sezary Syndrome Stage IIB or higher)) AND Relapsed post-allogeneic related donor (matched, mismatched, or haploidentical) HSCT from whom allogeneic CD7.CAR T cells can be manufactured. AND * suitable for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) * with a suitable donor identified by a FACT accredited transplant center * willing to proceed to transplant if the CD7.CAR treatment induces complete remission and the patient/donor remain suitable candidates. Using NMDP donor assessment criteria, suitability is defined as "during the search process, a donor is fit to proceed to the next step- whether high-resolution or confirmatory HLA testing OR donor work-up." Documentation of suitability will be confirmed by the investigator prior to treatment. \*For T-NHL subjects, eligibility will be confined to disease stages where allogeneic HSCT is indicated. * CD7-positive tumor (≥20% CD7 positive blasts by flow cytometry or immunohistochemistry (tissue) assessed by a CLIA certified Flow Cytometry/Pathology laboratory). * Age ≤75 years old. * Hgb ≥ 7.0 g/dL (can be transfused) * Life expectancy greater than 12 weeks * Patients must have an available partially-HLA matched allogeneic EBV-specific T cell line on a BCM IRB approved protocol which can be used as treatment in the event of uncontrolled EBV reactivation. * Informed consent explained to, understood by and signed by patient/LAR. Patient/LAR given copy of informed consent. Procurement Exclusion Criteria: * Active infection requiring antibiotics * Active infection with HIV * History of other cancer (except non-melanoma skin cancer or in situ breast cancer or cervical cancer) unless the tumor was successfully treated with curative intent at least 2 years before trial entry. Prior HSCT Donor Procurement Criteria: • Donor must be prior hematopoietic stem cell transplant donor for patient relapsed post-allogeneic HSCT who meets patient screening eligibility criteria and has signed screening informed consent. Prior transplant donors will be screened with the standard blood bank donor questionnaire, medical history, and testing for infectious disease markers (IDMs; which may be pending at the time of blood collection). Medical history may be obtained by the patient's primary/referring transplant team if collection is being done remotely. The physician assessment, donor questionnaire, and IDMs will be reviewed by the principal investigator or appropriate designee to confirm/provide final eligibility determination and documented in the donor's medical record. • Informed consent explained to, understood by and signed by donor/LAR. Donor/LAR given copy of informed consent. Treatment Inclusion Criteria: • Diagnosis of recurrent T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), T-cell acute lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LL), or T-non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (T-NHL, including Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL), Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma (EATL), Monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma (MEITL), Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) NOS, Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, T cell prolymphocytic leukemia with symptomatic disease, Extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, Mycosis fungoides/ Sezary Syndrome Stage IIB or higher)) AND Relapsed post-allogeneic related donor (matched, mismatched, or haploidentical) HSCT AND prior allogeneic donor available to donate blood for allogeneic CD7.CAR T-cell manufacture AND * suitable for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) * with a suitable donor identified by a FACT accredited transplant center * willing to proceed to transplant if the CD7.CAR treatment induces complete remission and the patient/donor remain suitable candidates. Using NMDP donor assessment criteria, suitability is defined as "during the search process, a donor is fit to proceed to the next step- whether high-resolution or confirmatory HLA testing OR donor work-up." Documentation of suitability will be confirmed by the investigator prior to treatment. \*For T-NHL subjects, eligibility will be confined to disease stages where allogeneic HSCT is indicated. * CD7-positive tumor (≥20% CD7+ blasts or tumor cells by flow cytometry or immunohistochemistry (tissue) assessed in a CLIA certified Flow Cytometry/Pathology laboratory. * Age ≤75 years old. * Bilirubin less than 3 times the upper limit of normal. * AST less than 5 times the upper limit of normal. * Estimated GFR ≥ 50 mL/min. * Pulse oximetry of \> 90% on room air * Karnofsky or Lansky score of ≥ 60%. * Recovered from acute toxic effects of prior treatments (i.e. chemotherapy) at least one week before entering this study. * ≥ 60 days post-allogeneic HSCT at time of treatment. * Patients must have an available partially-HLA matched allogeneic EBV-specific T cell line on a BCM IRB approved protocol which can be used as treatment in the event of uncontrolled EBV reactivation. * Sexually active patients must be willing to utilize one of the more effective birth control methods during the study and for 6 months after the study is concluded. The male partner should use a condom. * Informed consent explained to, understood by, and signed by patient/guardian. Patient/guardian given copy of informed consent. Treatment Exclusion Criteria: * Currently receiving any investigational agents or having received any tumor vaccines within the previous 4 weeks. * History of hypersensitivity reactions to murine protein-containing products. * Pregnant or lactating. * Tumor in a location where enlargement could cause airway obstruction (per investigator discretion). * Clinically significant infection or uncontrolled viral reactivation of EBV, CMV, Adv, BK-virus, or HHV-6. * Evidence of acute GVHD \> Grade II or active chronic GVHD \> mild global severity score. * Currently taking corticosteroids for therapy at a dose of \>0.5mg/kg prednisone equivalent. * Patients who have received immunosuppressive treatment (IST) for GVHD within 28 days of infusion. * Patients who have received donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) within 28 days of infusion * Any of the following cardiac criteria: Uncontrolled atrial fibrillation/flutter; Myocardial infarction within the last 12 months; Prolonged QT syndrome or secondary prolonged QT, per investigator discretion; LVSF\<30% or LVEF\<50%; or clinically significant pericardial effusion. Cardiac dysfunction NYHA III or IV. \*Study requires cardiac echocardiography confirmation of absence of these conditions within 12 months of treatment. * CNS abnormalities: Presence of CNS-3 disease defined as detectable cerebrospinal blast cells in a sample of CSF with ≥ 5 WBCs per mm3 (unless negative by the Steinherz/Bleyer algorithm); Presence of any CNS disorder such as an uncontrolled seizure disorder, cerebrovascular ischemia/hemorrhage within the past 12 months, dementia, cerebellar disease, or any autoimmune disease with CNS involvement.
以上为辅助阅读译文。是否适合入组须由主治医生判断,最终以登记平台与研究者确认为准。
主要终点:Dose limiting toxicity rate · Defined as the proportion of subjects in each group with DLT evaluated as per the CTCAE 5.0 with the exception of Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS) and neurological toxicities that are related to T cell infusions. · 4 weeks
次要终点:Overall Response Rate
将评估四个剂量水平。T细胞将在使用环磷酰胺和氟达拉滨进行淋巴细胞清除性化疗后给药。
符合本研究条件的患者患有一种称为T细胞白血病或淋巴瘤(淋巴腺癌)的血癌。 人体有多种对抗感染和疾病的方式。本研究将两种不同的抗病方式——抗体和T细胞——结合起来。抗体是一类保护机体免受细菌和其他疾病侵害的蛋白质。T细胞,即T淋巴细胞,是特殊的抗感染血细胞,能够杀死其他细胞,包括肿瘤细胞。抗体和T细胞均已被用于治疗癌症;它们已显示出前景,但强度尚不足以治愈大多数患者。 T细胞能够杀死肿瘤细胞,但通常数量不足以杀死所有肿瘤细胞。一些研究人员已从患者血液中提取T细胞,在实验室中扩增后再回输给患者。 本研究中使用的抗体称为anti-CD7。该抗体能够黏附于T细胞白血病或淋巴瘤细胞,因为这些细胞表面有一种称为CD7的物质。CD7抗体已被用于治疗T细胞白血病和淋巴瘤患者。在本研究中,anti-CD7经过了改造,使其不再游离于血液中,而是与T细胞结合。当抗体以这种方式与T细胞结合时,称为嵌合受体。 在实验室中,研究者还发现,如果同时加入刺激T细胞的蛋白质(例如一种称为CD28的蛋白质),T细胞的功能会更好。加入CD28可使细胞生长更好、在体内存活更久,从而使这些细胞有更好的机会杀死白血病或淋巴瘤细胞。 在本研究中,研究者将带有CD28的CD7嵌合受体连接到T细胞上。研究者随后将检测这些细胞的存活时间。这些带有CD28的CD7嵌合受体T细胞是研究性产品,尚未获得美国食品药品监督管理局的批准。
Patients eligible for this study have a type of blood cancer called T-cell leukemia or lymphoma (lymph gland cancer). The body has different ways of fighting infection and disease. This study combines two different ways of fighting disease with antibodies and T cells. Antibodies are types of proteins that protect the body from bacterial and other diseases. T cells, or T lymphocytes, are special infection-fighting blood cells that can kill other cells including tumor cells. Both antibodies and T cells have been used to treat cancer; they have shown promise, but have not been strong enough to cure most patients. T cells can kill tumor cells but there normally are not enough of them to kill all the tumor cells. Some researchers have taken T cells from a person's blood, grown more of them in the laboratory and then given them back to the person. The antibody used in this study is called anti-CD7. This antibody sticks to T-cell leukemia or lymphoma cells because of a substance on the outside of these cells called CD7. CD7 antibodies have been used to treat people with T-cell leukemia and lymphoma. For this study, anti-CD7 has been changed so that instead of floating free in the blood it is now joined to the T cells. When an antibody is joined to a T cell in this way it is called a chimeric receptor. In the laboratory, investigators have also found that T cells work better if they also add proteins that stimulate T cells, such as one called CD28. Adding the CD28 makes the cells grow better and last longer in the body, thus giving the cells a better chance of killing the leukemia or lymphoma cells. In this study, investigators attach the CD7 chimeric receptor with CD28 added to it to T cells. Investigators will then test how long the cells last. These CD7 chimeric receptor T cells with CD28 are investigational products not approved by the Food and Drug Administration.
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