决定异体 CAR T 细胞排斥与扩增的细胞和分子机制
Cellular and molecular mechanisms determining allogeneic CAR T cell rejection and expansion.
我们评估了11例接受单一批次cemacabtagene ansegedleucel(cema-cel)治疗的大B细胞淋巴瘤患者,cemacabtagene ansegedleucel是一种异体抗CD19 CAR T产品。
英文原题:Phase 2 Trial of CD70.CAR NK Cells for Patients With Primary Refractory or Early Relapsed Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma and Hodgkin Lymphoma
这是一项 II 期注册临床试验,评估 NK 细胞治疗大 B 细胞淋巴瘤、霍奇金淋巴瘤的安全性、可行性及初步疗效。当前状态:尚未开始招募。计划入组 100 例。试验地点:美国 · 休斯顿(共 1 个中心)。登记号:NCT07164469。
不限性别 · ≥ 18 Years 且 ≤ 75 Years
纳入标准:年龄18–75岁;确诊cHL或DLBCL,且为原发难治(前线治疗未达CR或3个月内复发)或前线治疗达CR后≤12个月早期复发;肿瘤活检经免疫组化或流式细胞术证实CD70阳性≥10%;PET/CT至少有一个组织学证实的高代谢病灶;ECOG≤2或Karnofsky≥60%;血象充分(白细胞>2,000/μL、血红蛋白>8 g/dL、血小板>50,000/μL);肌酐清除率≥30 mL/min;ALT/AST≤3×ULN、胆红素和ALP≤2×ULN;FEV1、FVC及校正DLCO均≥50%;LVEF≥40%,且无活动性心律失常。有生育能力女性不得妊娠或哺乳,入组前尿或血妊娠试验须阴性。慢性乙肝感染者如需抑制治疗,须HBV病毒载量不可检出;既往HCV感染者须已治疗治愈,正在治疗者如HCV载量不可检出亦可入组。已治疗脑转移者如CNS定向治疗后随访影像无进展可入组。既往或并发其他恶性肿瘤者,若其自然病程或治疗不影响试验方案安全性/疗效评估,可入组。有心脏病史、当前心脏症状或曾用心脏毒性药物者,须按NYHA功能分级进行心脏风险评估,分级须为IIb或更低。由于CAR-NK细胞对胎儿的影响未知,且氟达拉滨、环磷酰胺及其他研究药物可能致畸,有生育能力女性及男性须在入组前及研究期间采用激素或屏障避孕,或禁欲。此要求适用于月经初潮至55岁的女性,除非满足以下情形:绝经(连续≥12个月无月经)、既往子宫切除或双侧输卵管卵巢切除、卵巢功能衰竭(FSH及雌二醇为绝经范围且接受过全盆腔放疗)、双侧输卵管结扎或其他手术绝育。允许方法包括激素避孕(口服药、注射、植入、透皮贴或阴道环)、宫内节育器、输卵管结扎/子宫切除、受试者或伴侣输精管结扎、植入/注射避孕,以及安全套加杀精剂。整个试验及药物洗脱期内禁欲可接受;周期性禁欲、安全期法和体外排精不可接受。若研究期间女性受试者或其伴侣妊娠/怀疑妊娠,应立即告知主治医生。男性受试者须从研究前、研究期间至CAR-NK给药结束后4个月持续避孕。能够理解并愿意签署书面知情同意;同意签署PA17-0843长期随访方案,以履行机构对监管机构的责任。 排除标准:淋巴瘤已达CR且无可测量病灶;首次研究药物给药前<4周接受重大手术;可能增加研究风险的其他严重或未控制疾病/状况;已知其他活动性恶性肿瘤(已治疗的宫颈上皮内瘤变及非黑色素瘤皮肤癌除外);既往治疗导致≥3级非血液学毒性且未改善至≤2级;活动性乙肝(HBsAg阳性或病毒血症,HBV DNA≥10,000拷贝/mL或≥2,000 IU/mL)或丙肝(HCV RNA PCR可检出病毒载量);需肠外抗生素治疗的活动性感染;HIV感染;入组前2周内接受任何抗癌药物(试验性或已批准);活动性CNS受累(未治疗的脑实质转移或脑脊液细胞学阳性);预期寿命≤6个月;活动且未控制的神经系统疾病;入组时接受全身激素治疗(生理替代剂量允许),或入组前14天内接受抗胸腺细胞球蛋白/淋巴细胞免疫球蛋白,或入组前28天内接受阿仑单抗;正在接受免疫抑制治疗。
Inclusion Criteria:
1. 18-75 years of age.
2. Diagnosis of cHL or DLBCL that is either:
* Primary refractory, defined as not having achieved a CR with frontline therapy or having relapsed within 3 months.
* Early relapsed (≤ 12 months) after achieving a CR to frontline therapy.
3. Tumor biopsy positive for CD70 \>/= 10% by immunohistochemistry or flow cytometry.
4. Measurable disease, defined by one or more histologically confirmed hypermetabolic lesion on PET/CT scan.
5. ECOG PS ≤ 2 (Karnofsky ≥60%).
6. Adequate blood counts (WBC \> 2K, HGB \> 8 g/dL, platelets \> 50K).
7. Creatinine clearance ≥ 30 ml/min.
8. ALT and/or AST ≤ 3 x ULN, and bilirubin and ALP ≤ 2 x ULN.
9. FEV1, FVC and DLCOc ≥ 50%.
10. LVEF ≥40%, without active arrythmias.
11. If female of child-bearing potential, she must not be pregnant or breastfeeding and is required to have a negative urine or serum pregnancy test prior to enrollment.
12. For patients with evidence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, the HBV viral load must be undetectable on suppressive therapy, if indicated.
13. Patients with a history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection must have been treated and cured. For patients with HCV infection who are currently on treatment, they are eligible if they have an undetectable HCV viral load.
14. Patients with treated brain metastases are eligible if follow-up brain imaging after central nervous system (CNS)-directed therapy shows no evidence of progression.
15. Patients with a prior or concurrent malignancy whose natural history or treatment does not interfere with the safety or efficacy assessment of the investigational regimen are eligible for this trial.
16. Patients with known history or current symptoms of cardiac disease, or history of treatment with cardiotoxic agents, should have a clinical risk assessment of cardiac function using the New York Heart Association Functional Classification.
To be eligible for this trial, patients should be class 2B or better.
17. The effects of CAR-NK cells on the developing human fetus are unknown. For this reason and because fludarabine and cyclophosphamide, as well as other therapeutic agents used in this trial are known to be teratogenic, women of childbearing potential and men must agree to use adequate contraception (hormonal or barrier method of birth control; abstinence) prior to study entry and for the duration of study participation. (Refer to Pregnancy Assessment Policy MD Anderson Institutional Policy # CLN1114).
* This includes all female patients, between the onset of menses (as early as 8 years of age) and 55 years unless the patient presents with an applicable exclusionary factor which may be one of the following: Postmenopausal (no menses in greater than or equal to 12 consecutive months). History of hysterectomy or bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Ovarian failure (Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Estradiol in menopausal range, who have received Whole Pelvic Radiation Therapy). History of bilateral tubal ligation or another surgical sterilization procedure.
* Approved methods of birth control are as follows: Hormonal contraception (i.e. birth control pills, injection, implant, transdermal patch, vaginal ring), Intrauterine device (IUD), Tubal Ligation or hysterectomy, Subject/Partner post vasectomy, Implantable or injectable contraceptives, and condoms plus spermicide. Not engaging in sexual activity for the total duration of the trial and the drug washout period is an acceptable practice; however periodic abstinence, the rhythm method, and the withdrawal method are not acceptable methods of birth control. Should a woman become pregnant or suspect she is pregnant while she or her partner is participating in this study, she should inform her treating physician immediately.
* Men treated or enrolled on this protocol must also agree to use adequate contraception prior to the study, for the duration of study participation, and 4 months after completion of CAR NK cell administration.
18. Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document.
19. Agree to sign consent to the long-term follow-up protocol PA17-0843 to fulfill the institutional responsibilities to various regulatory agencies.
Exclusion Criteria:
1. Lymphoma in CR with no measurable sites of disease.
2. Major surgery \<4 weeks prior to first dose of study drug.
3. Any other severe or uncontrolled disease or condition which might increase the risk associated with study participation.
4. Any other malignancy known to be active, with the exception of treated cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia and non-melanoma skin cancer.
5. Grade \>/= 3 non-hematologic toxicity from prior therapy that has not improved to grade \</= 2.
6. Active hepatitis B, either active carrier (HBsAg +) or viremic (HBV DNA
\>/=10,000 copies/mL, or \>/=2,000 IU/mL), or hepatitis C (detectable viral load by HCV RNA PCR).
7. Active infection requiring parenteral antibiotics.
8. HIV infection.
9. Treatment within prior 2 weeks with any anti-cancer agent, investigational or approved.
10. Active central nervous system (CNS) involvement (untreatedparenchymal brain metastasis or positive cytology of cerebrospinal fluid).
11. Life expectancy \</= 6 months.
12. Active and uncontrolled neurological disorder.
13. Patients receiving systemic steroid therapy at time of enrollment (physiological replacement doses are allowed) or have received antithymocyte globulin or lymphocyte immune globulin within 14 days of enrollment or alemtuzumab within 28 days of enrollment.
14. Patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy.以上为辅助阅读译文。是否适合入组须由主治医生判断,最终以登记平台与研究者确认为准。
主要终点:Safety and Adverse Events (AEs) · Incidence of Adverse Events, Graded According to National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE) Version (v) 5.0 · Through study completion; an average of 1 year
患者于第−5至−3天接受氟达拉滨和环磷酰胺淋巴清除化疗,随后第0天输注CD70.CAR NK细胞;根据临床需要门诊或住院治疗。
患者于第−5至−3天接受氟达拉滨和环磷酰胺淋巴清除化疗,随后第0天输注CD70.CAR NK细胞;根据临床需要门诊或住院治疗。
本临床研究旨在了解CD70.CAR NK细胞疗法能否控制原发难治或早期复发的弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)及经典霍奇金淋巴瘤(cHL)。
This clinical research study is to learn if CD70.CAR NK cell therapy can help to control early relapsed or primary refractory DLBCL and cHL.
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