决定异体 CAR T 细胞排斥与扩增的细胞和分子机制
Cellular and molecular mechanisms determining allogeneic CAR T cell rejection and expansion.
我们评估了11例接受单一批次cemacabtagene ansegedleucel(cema-cel)治疗的大B细胞淋巴瘤患者,cemacabtagene ansegedleucel是一种异体抗CD19 CAR T产品。
英文原题:huCART19-IL18 in CD19+ Cancers
huCART19-IL18 in CD19+ Cancers
分数与星级只用于站内排序 —— 不代表疗效、安全性或个人适用性。
这是一项 I 期注册临床试验,评估细胞治疗用于慢性淋巴细胞白血病、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、急性淋巴细胞白血病的安全性、可行性及初步疗效。当前状态:进行中(不再招募)。计划入组 72 例。试验地点:美国 · 费城(共 1 个中心)。登记号:NCT04684563。
不限性别 · ≥ 18 Years
纳入标准: • 已签署知情同意书。 • 经CLIA认证实验室的流式细胞术或免疫组化(IHC)记录证实恶性细胞表达CD19。非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)患者:须在医师研究者确认符合条件前6个月内完成检测,且确认表达后未接受CD19靶向治疗;若无可及肿瘤病灶且确认CD19表达后未接受CD19靶向治疗,也可使用超过此时间窗的检测结果。慢性淋巴细胞白血病(CLL)和急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)患者:须在最近一次复发时检测;若此后接受过CD19靶向治疗,须重新检测以确定是否符合条件。 • 既往异基因造血干细胞移植(SCT)后复发者须符合:无活动性移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)且不需要免疫抑制治疗;在医师研究者确认符合条件时距移植已超过6个月。 • 器官功能充分:肌酐≤1.6 mg/dL;ALT/AST≤正常值上限(ULN)的3倍;直接胆红素≤2.0 mg/dL,Gilbert综合征患者≤3.0 mg/dL;肺储备至少达到呼吸困难≤1级且室内空气下脉搏血氧>92%;超声心动图或MUGA确认左心室射血分数(LVEF)≥40%。 • 医师研究者确认符合条件前12周内有活动性疾病证据。 • 年龄≥18岁,男女不限。 • ECOG体能状态0或1分。 • 有生育能力者同意采用可接受的避孕方法。 • 符合疾病特定标准: NHL患者(A组和D组): • 诊断为以下任一疾病:弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL,非特指型、生发中心型或活化B细胞型)、原发性皮肤DLBCL、原发纵隔(胸腺)大B细胞淋巴瘤、ALK阳性间变性大B细胞淋巴瘤、MYC与BCL2和/或BCL6重排的高级别B细胞淋巴瘤(双打击或三打击)、非特指高级别B细胞淋巴瘤、富于T细胞的B细胞淋巴瘤、转化性滤泡性淋巴瘤,或由惰性淋巴瘤转化而来的其他侵袭性B细胞淋巴瘤。 • 除滤泡性淋巴瘤及套细胞淋巴瘤外,患者须既往CAR-T 治疗后复发或不适合接受CAR-T 治疗,并符合以下至少一项:至少2线适当治疗后复发/难治;自体SCT后复发/难治;或异基因SCT后复发/难治。 • 滤泡性淋巴瘤:既往商业化CAR-T 治疗后复发或不适合接受该治疗;并且既往至少接受2线适当治疗(不包括单药单克隆抗体治疗),且在第二线或更高线治疗后2年内进展。 • 套细胞淋巴瘤:既往标准治疗CAR-T(如Tecartus™)或其他研究性CAR-T 治疗失败,或不适合接受标准治疗Tecartus™;并符合以下至少一项:包括BTK抑制剂在内至少2线适当治疗后复发/难治(不计单药单克隆抗体治疗);既往自体SCT后复发/难治;或既往异基因SCT后复发/难治。 CLL患者(B组): • 慢性淋巴细胞白血病:至少2线适当治疗后复发/难治;且既往接受过获批BTK抑制剂和维奈克拉治疗,或对其不耐受;若BTK抑制剂或维奈克拉存在禁忌,则不要求满足该项。 • CLL大细胞转化(Richter转化):原发难治,或至少接受过1线Richter转化治疗。 ALL患者(C组和D组): • B细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病。慢性髓性白血病(CML)淋巴母细胞急变视为复发性B-ALL亚型,纳入B-ALL定义。 • 至少第二次复发/难治性疾病,符合以下任一项:血液或骨髓中形态学、IHC或流式细胞术发现复发;单纯CNS病变(既往/当前CNS3患者只有在CNS病变对治疗有应答时才可接受治疗);其他非CNS部位影像学可评估的髓外病变复发(可无血液或骨髓受累);异基因SCT后任何复发;或难治性疾病,包括接受2个疗程诱导化疗后未达到缓解(骨髓原始细胞<5%,且无持续髓外或CNS疾病),或虽达到缓解但≥2个疗程诱导化疗后仍MRD阳性。 排除标准: • 活动性乙肝、活动性丙肝或其他活动性、未控制感染。 • 按纽约心脏协会分级为Ⅲ/Ⅳ级心血管功能障碍。 • 医师研究者确认符合条件前2周内有临床明显心律失常,或药物治疗下仍未稳定的心律失常。 • 需要全身治疗的活动性急性或慢性GVHD。 • 依赖全身性类固醇或免疫抑制药物。关于类固醇和免疫抑制药物使用的进一步规定见方案。 • 第7版方案修订后已删除此项标准。 • 既往接受过huCART19治疗。 • 按疾病队列定义的CNS疾病:NHL/CLL患者不得有活动性CNS疾病;既往CNS受累且已成功治疗者可入组,只有出现CNS受累体征/症状时才需为确定资格进行CNS评估。ALL患者若CNS3疾病治疗期间进展,或存在可能增加CNS毒性风险的脑实质病灶,则排除。 • 妊娠或哺乳期女性。 • 已知有视神经炎病史/既往诊断,或有其他累及中枢神经系统、与癌症或既往癌症治疗无关的免疫性或炎症性疾病。 • 活动性自身免疫病需要泼尼松等效剂量≥10 mg的全身免疫抑制治疗。自身免疫性神经系统疾病(如多发性硬化)患者排除。
Inclusion Criteria: 1. Signed informed consent form 2. Documentation of CD19 expression on malignant cells by flow cytometry/IHC from a CLIA certified laboratory NHL Patients: Within 6 months of physician-investigator confirmation of eligibility as long as there has been no intervening CD19 directed therapy since expression confirmed. Results outside of this window may be used, if there is no accessible tumor site and the subject did not receive intervening CD19 directed therapy since CD19 expression was confirmed. CLL and ALL Patients: At time of most recent relapse. If the subject has subsequently received CD19-directed therapy since this result was obtained, repeating testing must be performed to determine eligibility. 3. Patients with relapsed disease after prior allogeneic SCT must meet the following criteria: a. Have no active GVHD and require no immunosuppression b. Are more than 6 months from transplant at the time of physician-investigator confirmation of eligibility 4. Adequate organ function defined as: a. Creatinine ≤ 1.6 mg/dl b. ALT/AST ≤ 3x upper limit of normal range c. Direct bilirubin ≤ 2.0 mg/dl, unless the subject has Gilbert's syndrome (≤3.0 mg/dl) d. Must have a minimum level of pulmonary reserve defined as ≤ Grade 1 dyspnea and pulse oxygen \> 92% on room air e. Left Ventricle Ejection Fraction (LVEF) ≥ 40% confirmed by ECHO/MUGA 5. Evidence of active disease within 12 weeks of physician-investigator confirmation of eligibility. . 6. Male or female age ≥ 18 years. 7. ECOG Performance Status that is either 0 or 1. 8. Subjects of reproductive potential must agree to use acceptable birth control methods. 9. Disease-specific criteria: NHL Patients (Cohorts A and D): i. Patients with any of the following diagnoses: Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma not otherwise specified (DLBCL NOS), germinal center or activated B-cell types;Primary Cutaneous DLBCL; Primary Mediastinal (thymic) Large B-cell Lymphoma; ALK+ Anaplastic Large B-cell Lymphoma; High-Grade B-cell Lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements (i.e., "Double or Triple Hit"); High-grade B-cell Lymphoma, NOS; T-cell Rich B-cell Lymphoma; Transformed Follicular Lymphoma; or any aggressive B-cell lymphoma arising from indolent lymphoma. 1\. Patients must have either relapsed after, or be ineligible for, prior CAR T cell therapy, and meet one of the following criteria: 1. Relapsed/refractory disease after at least 2 prior lines of appropriate therapy; OR 2. Relapsed/refractory disease after autologous SCT; OR 3. Relapsed/refractory disease after allogeneic SCT. ii. Follicular lymphoma 1. Patients must have either relapsed after, or be ineligible for, prior commercial CAR T cell therapy; AND 2. Received at least 2 prior lines of appropriate therapy (not including single agent monoclonal antibody therapy) and progressed within 2 years after second or higher line of therapy. iii. Mantle cell lymphoma 1. Patients must have either failed standard of care CAR T cell therapy (e.g., Tecartus™, etc) or other investigational CAR T cell product, OR be ineligible for standard of care Tecartus™; and 2. Patients must also meet one of the following criteria: 1. Relapsed/refractory disease after at least 2 prior lines of appropriate therapy, including a BTK inhibitor. Single-agent monoclonal antibody therapy does not count towards prior lines of therapy; OR 2. Relapsed/refractory disease after prior autologous SCT; OR 3. Relapsed/refractory disease after prior allogeneic SCT. CLL Patients (Cohort B): i. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia 1. Patients with relapsed/refractory disease after at least 2 prior lines of appropriate therapy; AND 2. Patients must have previously received or be intolerant to an approved BTK inhibitor and venetoclax, unless a BTK inhibitor or venetoclax is contraindicated. ii. Large cell transformation of CLL (Richter's Transformation) 1\. Patients must be primary refractory or received at least 1 prior line of treatment for Richter's Transformation. c. ALL Patients (Cohorts C and D): i. Patients with b-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Note: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) lymphoid blast crisis is considered a sub-type of relapsed B-ALL, thus will be encompassed in our definition of B-ALL throughout; AND ii. Patients with 2nd or greater relapse or refractory disease as defined by one of the following criteria: 1. Recurrent disease in the blood or bone marrow identified morphologically, by IHC or flow; OR 2. Isolated CNS disease. Note: Patients with prior/current history of CNS3 disease will only be eligible for treatment if the CNS disease is responsive to therapy; OR 3. Recurrent extramedullary disease at other (non-CNS) sites if disease response can be assessed radiographically. Note: Patients with recurrent extramedullary disease do not need to have detectable blood or bone marrow involvement; OR 4. Any relapse after allogeneic SCT; OR 5. Patients with refractory disease as defined by one of the following: 1. Failure to achieve remission (\<5% bone marrow blasts or ongoing extramedullary or CNS disease) after 2 cycles of induction chemotherapy; OR 2. Patients that achieve remission but remain MRD+ after ≥2 cycles of induction chemotherapy. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Active hepatitis B, active hepatitis C, or other active, uncontrolled infection. 2. Class III/IV cardiovascular disability according to the New York Heart Association Classification. 3. Clinically apparent arrhythmia or arrhythmias that are not stable on medical management within two weeks of physician-investigator confirmation of eligibility. 4. Active acute or chronic GVHD requiring systemic therapy. 5. Dependence on systemic steroids or immunosuppressant medications. For additional details regarding use of steroid and immunosuppressant medications. 6. RETIRED WITH PROTOCOL AMENDMENT V7 7. Receipt of prior huCART19 therapy. 8. CNS disease as defined by disease-cohort as follows: 1. NHL/CLL Patients: Active CNS disease. Note: Patients with a history of CNS involvement that was successfully treated are eligible. A CNS evaluation is only required for eligibility if a subject is experiencing signs/symptoms of CNS involvement. 2. ALL Patients: CNS3 disease that is progressive on therapy, or with CNS parenchymal lesions that might increase the risk of CNS toxicity. 9. Pregnant or nursing (lactating) women. 10. Patients with a known history or prior diagnosis of optic neuritis or other immunologic or inflammatory disease affecting the central nervous system, and unrelated to their cancer or previous cancer treatment. 11. Active autoimmune disease requiring systemic immunosuppressive treatment equivalent to ≥ 10mg of prednisone. Patients with autoimmune neurologic diseases (such as MS) will be excluded.
以上为辅助阅读译文。是否适合入组须由主治医生判断,最终以登记平台与研究者确认为准。
主要终点:Incidence of Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events as assessed by CTCAE v5.0 · Cohorts A-C: Type, frequency and severity of adverse events as assessed by CTCAE V5.0. Each disease-specific cohort will be analyzed separately. · Up to 15 years post-huCART19-IL18 infusion;Occurrence of dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) · Cohorts A-C: Unacceptable toxicity as defined by the protocol. DLTs will be evaluated separately by each disease-specific cohort. · 28 days post-huCART19-IL18 infusion;Determination of Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) · Cohorts A-C: Selected based on an isotonic regression model. The MTD will be established separately by disease-specific cohort. · 28 days post-huCART19-IL18 infusion;Determination of a recommended dose for expansion (RDE) · Cohorts A-C: Evaluated by Cohort/dose level using a multi-criteria decision analysis. · 3 months post-huCART19-IL18 infusion;Proportion of manufactured products that meet the product release criteria · Cohort D: Calculated based on the proportion of subjects with huCART19-IL18 products that fail to meet the product release criteria, out of the number of subjects in whom manufacturing was attempted. · 3 months;Proportion of manufactured products that meet the assigned dose · Cohort D: Calculated based on the proportion of subjects with huCART19-IL18 products that fail to meet the assigned dose, out of the number of subjects in whom manufacturing was attempted. · 3 months
次要终点:Proportion of manufacturing products that meet the product release criteria;Proportion of manufactured products that meet the assigned dose;Incidence of Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events;Overall Response Rate (ORR);Overall Response Rate (ORR);Best Overall Response (BOR);Best Overall Response (BOR);Duration of Response (DOR)
单次静脉输注或缓慢静脉推注3×10⁶个huCART19-IL18细胞。
单次静脉输注或缓慢静脉推注7×10⁵个huCART19-IL18细胞;仅在剂量水平1a观察到至少1例DLT时评估该剂量水平。
淋巴细胞清除化疗后,单次静脉输注或缓慢静脉推注3×10⁶个huCART19-IL18细胞。
淋巴细胞清除化疗后,单次静脉输注或缓慢静脉推注7×10⁶个huCART19-IL18细胞。
淋巴细胞清除化疗后,单次静脉输注或缓慢静脉推注3×10⁷个huCART19-IL18细胞。
淋巴细胞清除化疗后,单次静脉输注或缓慢静脉推注7×10⁷个huCART19-IL18细胞。
淋巴细胞清除化疗后,单次静脉输注或缓慢静脉推注3×10⁸个huCART19-IL18细胞。
单次静脉输注或缓慢静脉推注3×10⁶个huCART19-IL18细胞;仅在剂量水平2观察到至少1例DLT时评估该剂量水平。
本研究旨在评估huCART19-IL18细胞用于复发/难治性CD19阳性恶性肿瘤患者的安全性和可行性。
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and feasibility of huCART19-IL18 cells in patients with relapsed or refractory CD19+ cancers.
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