决定异体 CAR T 细胞排斥与扩增的细胞和分子机制
Cellular and molecular mechanisms determining allogeneic CAR T cell rejection and expansion.
我们评估了11例接受单一批次cemacabtagene ansegedleucel(cema-cel)治疗的大B细胞淋巴瘤患者,cemacabtagene ansegedleucel是一种异体抗CD19 CAR T产品。
英文原题:A Trial of "Armored" CAR T Cells Targeting CD19 For Patients With Relapsed CD19+ Hematologic Malignancies
这是一项 I 期注册临床试验,评估 CAR-T 细胞治疗慢性淋巴细胞白血病的安全性、可行性及初步疗效。当前状态:进行中(不再招募)。计划入组 39 例。试验地点:美国 · 纽约(共 1 个中心)。登记号:NCT03085173。
不限性别 · ≥ 18 Years
纳入标准: 患者须患有复发/难治性CD19阳性B细胞恶性肿瘤,具体如下: CLL患者:至少2种既往化疗或化学免疫治疗(如FCR、BR)后复发/难治且仍需治疗;或至少1种既往生物制剂(如伊布替尼、艾代拉利司、维奈克拉;单药抗CD20单克隆抗体除外)后复发/难治且仍需治疗。 惰性NHL(滤泡性淋巴瘤、边缘区淋巴瘤、Waldenström巨球蛋白血症)患者:至少2线化学免疫治疗(含至少一个疗程抗CD20抗体)后复发/难治;或至少1种生物制剂(如来那度胺、伊布替尼、艾代拉利司)后复发/难治。须有可测量疾病;Waldenström患者可用单克隆副蛋白及骨髓受累证实。 DLBCL、转化型B细胞淋巴瘤或高级别B细胞淋巴瘤患者:至少1种既往化学免疫治疗(至少一种含蒽环类和靶向CD20治疗)后复发/难治;不适合移植;活检证实复发。 ALL、淋巴母细胞危象期CML或Burkitt淋巴瘤患者:至少1种既往诱导化疗后难治;或至少1种含诱导和巩固阶段的多药全身化疗后复发。费城染色体阳性ALL患者须对二代酪氨酸激酶抑制剂治疗失败。 其他要求:年龄≥18岁;肌酐≤2.0 mg/100 mL,直接胆红素≤2.0 mg/100 mL,AST和ALT≤ULN的3倍;室内空气下脉搏血氧饱和度≥92%。 排除标准: • Karnofsky体能状态<70。 • 妊娠或哺乳期。育龄男女须在研究期间及全部治疗结束后1年内有效避孕。 • 超声心动图或MUGA显示心功能受损,LVEF<40%。 • 活动性自身免疫病。 • 以下心脏情况:NYHAⅢ或Ⅳ级充血性心力衰竭;入组前≤6个月发生心肌梗死;入组前<6个月有临床意义的室性心律失常或原因不明的晕厥(且非迷走神经反射或脱水所致);EF≤20%的严重非缺血性心肌病。 • HIV或活动性乙肝/丙肝感染。 • 未控制的全身性真菌、细菌、病毒或其他感染。 • 合并活动性恶性肿瘤,需接受观察或激素治疗以外的治疗;皮肤鳞状细胞癌和基底细胞癌除外。 • 有临床意义的神经系统疾病史或现患疾病,如癫痫、全身性癫痫发作或严重脑损伤。 • 治疗医生认为不适合参加研究的其他情况。
Inclusion Criteria: * Patients must have CD19+ B cell malignancy with relapsed or refractory disease, defined as below: Patients with CLL: * Refractory to or relapsed after at least 2 prior chemo or chemoimmunotherapy (e.g. FCR, BR) requiring further treatment * Refactory to or relapsed after at least 1 prior biologic agent (e.g. Ibrutinib, idelalisib, venetoclax, except a single agent anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody) requiring further treatment Patients with iNHL (FZ, MZL, WM): * Refractory or relapsed after at least 2 lines of chemoimmunotherapy (including at least one course of anti-CD20 antibody) * Refractory or relapsed after at least 1 prior biologic agent (e.g. lenalidomide, ibrutinib, idelalisib) * Patients must have measurable disease (for WM patients, measureable disease is demonstrable monoclonal paraprotein and bone marrow involvement) Patients with DLBCL, Transformed B cell lymphoma, or High grade B cell lymphoma: * Refractory to or relapsed after 1 or more prior chemoimmunotherapies with at least one containing an anthracycline and CD20 directed therapy * Transplant ineligible * Biopsy proven relapsed disease Patients with ALL, CML in lymphoid blast crisis or Burkitt's lymphoma: * Refractory to at least 1 prior induction chemotherapy * Relapsed after at least 1 prior multiagent systemic chemotherapy that included induction and consolidation * Patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive ALL must have failed a second generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor * Age ≥ 18 years of age * Creatinine ≤2.0 mg/100 ml, direct bilirubin ≤2.0 mg/100 ml, AST and ALT ≤3.0x upper limit of normal (ULN) * Adequate pulmonary function as assessed by ≥92% oxygen saturation on room air by pulse oximetry Exclusion Criteria: * Karnofsky performance status \<70 * Pregnant or lactating women. Women and men of childbearing age should use effective contraception while on this study and continue for 1 year after all treatment is finished * Impaired cardiac function (LVEF \<40%) as assessed by ECHO or MUGA scan * Patients with active known autoimmune disease are ineligible * Patients with following cardiac conditions will be excluded: * New York Heart Association (NYHA) stage III or IV congestive heart failure * Myocardial infarction \</= 6 months prior to enrollment * History of clinically significant ventricular arrhythmia or unexplained syncope, not believed to be vasovagal in nature or due to dehydration \<6 months prior to enrollment * History of severe non-ischemic cardiomyopathy with EF \</=20% * Patients with HIV or active hepatitis B or hepatitis C infection are ineligible * Patients with uncontrolled systemic fungal, bacterial, viral or other infection are ineligible * Patients with any concurrent active malignancies as defined by malignancies requiring any therapy other than expectant observation or hormonal therapy, with the exception of squamous and basal cell carcinoma of skin * Patients with history or presence of clinically significant neurological disorders such as epilepsy, generalized seizure disorder, severe brain injuries are ineligible * Any other issue which, in the opinion of the treating physician, would make the patient ineligible for the study
以上为辅助阅读译文。是否适合入组须由主治医生判断,最终以登记平台与研究者确认为准。
主要终点:Maximum tolerated dose (MTD) · Cohorts of 3-6 patients each will be treated with escalating doses of modified T cell. At least 3 patients will be treated at each dose level with an accrual of no more than 2 patients per month within each dose level. At least two weeks will elapse from the first patient's T cell infusions before the second patient is treated (on dose level 1) to allow for toxicity and safely assessment. All patients treated at the preceding dose level will be observed a minimum of 4 weeks before dose escalation occurs. · occurring within 30 days from the last infusion
入组后采集外周血并进行白细胞单采,以富集、活化T细胞;使用编码靶向CD19 CAR、共刺激配体4-1BBL及EGFRt安全系统(EGFRt/19-28z/4-1BBL)的逆转录病毒载体进行基因改造。扩增至所需细胞数后,可按标准操作规程新鲜输注或冻存后使用。患者在治疗研究者选择的预处理化疗结束后2–7天接受改造T细胞输注。治疗后连续采集血液和骨髓样本,评估毒性、治疗效果及基因改造T细胞的存活情况。
本Ⅰ期研究旨在评估不同剂量、经特殊制备的患者自体改造T细胞的安全性,为标准治疗后疾病进展的患者确定安全剂量,并了解改造T细胞对患者及肿瘤的影响。对于接受治疗后疾病进展并退出研究的患者,如研究者认为可能获益且符合所有资格标准,可作为新的入组再次参加研究并接受更高剂量队列治疗。
The purpose of this phase I study is to test the safety of different dose levels of specially prepared cells collected from the patient called "modified T cells". The investigators want to find a safe dose of modified T cells for patients with this type of cancer that has progressed after standard therapy. The investigators also want to find out what effects these modified T cells have on the patient and the cancer. For patients who were treated, had progression of disease and were removed from study, duplicate enrollment is permitted if it is determined the patients could receive a benefit. If the patients meet all eligibility criteria, they can be enrolled onto study a second time as a new accrual, and receive treatment in a higher dose level cohort.
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